基于半量子的量子秘密信息互换协议

QUANTUM SECRET INFORMATION EXCHANGE PROTOCOL BASED ON SEMI-QUANTUM

提出一种基于半量子的秘密信息互换协议,使得通信双方在半可信第三方TP的帮助下可以公平地实现秘密信息互换。在协议中,TP制备Bell态粒子,并将粒子分别发送给通信双方,通信双方将自己的秘密信息加载在粒子中返回给TP。TP对粒子进行测量,并公布测量结果,通信双方可以根据TP公布的测量结果推断出对方的秘密信息。同时,只有TP具备完整的量子能力,使得该协议对于量子资源的需求大幅下降。通过协议分析可以证明,该协议面对截获/重发攻击、中间人攻击、特洛伊木马攻击都具有抵抗性,并且在面对不诚实的TP或通信方时,诚实的通信方可以发现这些欺骗行为。

This paper proposes a semi-quantum secret information exchange protocol,which enables the two parties to exchange secret information fairly with the help of a semi-trusted third-party TP.In the protocol,TP prepares the Bell state particles,and sends the two particles to the communication parties respectively.After receiving the particles,the communication parties load their secret information into the measurement particles.After that the two parties return these particles to TP.TP measures the particles and publishes the measurement results.The communicating parties can infer the secret information of the other party based on the measurement results published by the TP.Meanwhile,only TP has complete quantum capability,which makes the demand for quantum resources of the protocol drop drastically.The protocol analysis can prove that the protocol is resistant to interception/retransmission attacks,man-in-the-middle attacks,and Trojan horse attacks.In addition,honest communication parties can detect these deceptive behaviors in the face of dishonest TP or dishonest parties.