车轴钢EA1N的缺陷分析

Defect analysis of for axle steel EA1N

围绕车轴钢EA1N质量问题,对典型缺陷进行了剖切和磨制,采用SEM-EDS对其进行了能谱分析。研究发现缺陷的类型是以O、Al等元素为主,同时含有少量的Ca、Ti,偶尔出现含有Mg元素的夹杂类缺陷,由能谱分析可知,夹杂物是引起车轴钢EA1N出现缺陷的重要原因。在冶炼过程中,铝氧反应在钢液中形成大量的Al2O3夹杂物,在精炼渣、含镁耐火材料等因素的作用下,钢液中[Mg]、[Ca]等元素含量升高,Al2O3会转变为含有多种物相的复合夹杂物,未能上浮去除而滞留在钢中的夹杂物很容易在随后的轧制和热处理过程中产生危害,引发裂纹等缺陷,直接导致性能下降。本研究为进一步探究夹杂物与车轴钢缺陷的相关性提供了依据。

This paper focuses on the quality of axle steel EA1N,and SEM-EDS was used to observe and perform energy spectrum analysis on defects.The study found that the main types of defects which mainly contain O,Al and other elements,while containing a small number of Ca and Ti,and Mg can be detected occasionally.From the energy spectrum analysis,it is known that the inclusion are the important cause of defects of axle steel EA1N.In the refining process,Al deoxidation forms a large amount of deoxidation products in the molten steel.Under the influence of refining slag and magnesium-containing refractory materials,the content of[Mg]and[Ca]in the molten steel increases,and Al2O3 transformed into composite inclusions containing multiple phases.The inclusion in the steel which can not be removed by floating can easily cause harm in the subsequent rolling and heat treatment process,and lead to defects such as cracks,which directly lead to the degradation of performance.The present study provides a basis for further exploring the correlation between inclusions and defects of axle steel EA1N.