爬墙蜘蛛人的力学原理分析

MECHANICAL ANALYSIS OF A SPIDERMAN TOY

分析了爬墙蜘蛛人玩具在竖直玻璃墙上连续自动翻跟斗的工作原理。通过引入包含黏弹性和负刚度元件的力学模型,解释了肢梢胶球从玻璃上延时脱落的现象。该现象导致在每个翻转周期中,玩具上侧肢梢脱落时,下侧肢梢仍紧附在墙面上;系统将绕下端作定轴转动,直至脱落端再次碰撞并吸附到墙面。在此过程中重力势能先转化为定轴转动的动能,再经过碰撞转化为胶球挤压变形的变形能,最后被黏性力消耗。

The spider man toy can continually flip on a vertical glass wall,its mechanism is studied in this paper.With a model consisting of viscoelastic and negative stiffness elements,the time-delayed debonding phenomenon of the rubber-glass interface is explained.Due to the phenomenon,in each flipping cycle,the upper extremities of the toy fall off while the lower ones still stick to the wall;then the system rotates about the latter,until the former finally collide into the wall and adhere to it again.During this process,the gravity potential energy first turns into the kinetic energy of the fixed-axis rotation,then further converts to the deformation energy of the rubber extremities through the collision,and is finally consumed by the damping.