北京城市居民公共服务设施满意度与影响因素探测

Exploring the Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Urban Residents′ Satisfaction with Public Service Facilities in Beijing

基于北京宜居城市大规模问卷调查数据,运用描述统计和地理探测器方法对北京城市居民公共服务设施满意度特征与影响因素进行了实证分析。研究结果表明:1)北京城市居民公共服务设施整体满意度评价适中且满意比例不高,分别为3.44分和46.3%;2)不同维度公共服务设施满意度均对公共服务设施整体满意度具有显著影响,并以文体设施和养老设施满意度的影响强度最大,家庭月收入、户口状态和性别等社会经济属性也对公共服务设施整体满意度具有依次递减的影响,但其影响强度明显小于公共服务设施满意度维度;3)公共服务设施满意度等级与公共服务设施整体满意度存在显著的正相关,且女性、外地户口和低收入家庭居民的公共服务设施整体满意度相对较低;4)不同维度公共服务设施满意度对公共服务设施整体满意度的影响均存在非线性加强的交互作用。研究结论可为完善北京城市公共服务设施建设和提高国际一流的和谐宜居之都水平提供重要的政策启示。

Based on a large-scale questionnaire survey on livable city construction in Beijing, this paper has analyzed the characteristics and influencing factors of residents′ satisfaction with public service facilities in Beijing by using descriptive statistics and geographic detectors methods. The results show: 1) The overall satisfaction with public service facilities in Beijing is moderate with the mean of 3.44 and the proportion of satisfied residents is not high, equaling to 46.3%. 2) The satisfaction with different dimensions of public service facilities has a significant impact on the overall satisfaction with public service facilities and the satisfaction with cultural-sports facilities and facilities for the elderly are the greatest determinants. Socio-economic attributes such as monthly household income, hukou status and gender also have a decreasing influence on the overall satisfaction with public service facilities, but their influence intensity is much smaller compared with that of the six dimensions of satisfaction with public service facilities. 3) There is a positive correlation between the level of satisfaction with public service facilities and overall satisfaction with public service facilities. Furthermore, women, residents of non-local hukou and low-income households have lower overall satisfaction with public service facilities. 4) A nonlinear interaction relationship between the satisfaction with different dimensions of public service facilities and overall satisfaction with public service facilities is witnessed. Our findings can provide important policy implications for improving the construction of public service facilities in Beijing and raising the level of a world-class harmonious and livable metropolis.