疫病背景下的古代山东医家

Ancient Doctors in Shandong under Background of Epidemic Diseases

通过查阅史志书目,对山东民国以前在疫病方面有突出贡献的68位医家进行研究。在疫病流行时,山东医家体现出以下特点:第一,尚仁爱,不计个人安危,勇于担当,体现了“大医精诚”精神;第二,多儒医,明确记载为儒医者36位,占半数以上,具有深厚的人文素养;第三,有传承,具有明确的传承体系,至少在三代以上者即有7位;第四,勤著述,25位医家著有医籍60种,存世27种;第五,擅创新,对瘟疫理论多有发挥,对当时疫病的诊治及后世温病学说的发展产生了重大影响。

By consulting historical records and chorographies,we studied 68 doctors who had made outstanding contributions to the prevention and treatment of epidemic diseases before the Republic of China.During the epidemic,doctors in Shandong showed the following characteristics.First,they advocated benevolence,neglected personal safety and had the courage to take responsibility,which embodied the spirit of“great medical sincerity”.Second,there were 36 Confucian doctors with clear record,accounting for more than half of the 68 physicians,who had profound humanistic qualities.Third,they attached importance to inheritance.There were 7 doctors with at least three generations of clear inheritance system.Fourth,they were diligent in writing books.There used to be 60 medical books written by 25 doctors and 27 medical books among them still exist.Fifth,they had inventive mind and developed the theory of pestilence,which had a great influence on the diagnosis and treatment of epidemic diseases at that time and the development of warm disease theory in later generations.