贵州省侗族老年人群生命质量评价

Evaluation of Quality of Life Among Dong Elderly Population in Guizhou Province

目的:探讨贵州省侗族老年人群健康现况及其影响因素,为提高侗族老年人群的生命质量提供依据。方法:采用分层多阶段抽样法抽取贵州省黔东南州侗族≥60岁常住老年人1707名,采用项目组开发的问卷和欧洲5维度健康评定量表(EQ-5D-5L)对侗族老年人进行问卷调查。结果:调查对象平均年龄(67.10±5.12)岁,视觉模拟评分(VAS)为(63.74±18.37)分,侗族老年人群健康状况在5维度中存在问题的比例最高的分别是疼痛或不适维度(61.40%)和行动维度(40.90%),自我照顾维度、日常活动维度、焦虑或抑郁维度存在问题的比例较低,分别是11.10%、23.00%、16.20%。年龄、性别、文化程度、户口类型、医保类型、社会支持、社会资本对该地区侗族老年人群健康状况的影响有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:当地侗族老年人群的健康状况受多种因素影响,在重视民族文化差异的同时,应构建完善的社会支持网络和社会资本体系。

Objective:To explore the health status of the Dong elderly population in Guizhou province and its influencing factors,and provide a theoretical basis for improving the quality of life of Dong elderly population.Methods:A stratified multi-stage sampling method was used to sample 1707 permanent residents of Dong nationality≥60 years old in Qiandongnan prefecture,Guizhou province from July 2018 to September 2019,using the questionnaire developed by the project team and the European five-dimensional health assessment the scale(EQ-5D-5L)was a questionnaire survey of the Dong elderly population.Results:The average age of the survey subjects was(67.10±5.12)years old,and the visual analog scale(VAS)was(63.74±18.37)points.The highest proportion of the Dong elderly population with health problems in the five dimensions was pain or discomfort(61.40%)and action dimension(40.90%),self-care dimension,daily activity dimension,anxiety or depression dimension had low percentage of problems,respectively 11.10%,23.00%,and 16.20%.Age,gender,education level,household registration type,medical insurance type,social support,and social capital have statistically significant influences on the health status of the Dong elderly population in the region(P<0.05).Conclusion:The health status of the Dong elderly population is affected by many factors.While paying attention to ethnic cultural differences,a sound social support network and social capital system have been constructed.