跨流域调水工程受水区生态补偿标准研究

Study on Ecological Compensation Standards of Water Receiving Area for Trans-basin Water Transfer Project

针对南水北调中线工程受水区北京市的生态补偿问题,对北京市水资源进行投入产出分析,求解水资源影子价格,进而计算北京市使用南水北调水资源产生的经济效益,在此基础上量化北京市水资源短缺程度,结合支付意愿的费用分析法计算北京市2008年~2018年需支付的生态补偿标准,并对北京市2020年和2035年不同供水保证率下的生态补偿标准进行了预测。结果表明,当南水北调中线工程调水量满足北京市用水缺口时,生态补偿标准均不超过调水经济效益的3%,对北京市用于生态补偿支付的经济压力不大,可为跨流域调水工程受水区生态补偿机制的建立提供依据。

In view of the problem of ecological compensation in Beijing of the Middle Route of the South-to-North Water Transfer Project,the input-output analysis of water resources in Beijing is carried out and the shadow price of water resources in Beijing is solved,and then the economic benefits of using the water resources of the South-to-North Water Transfer Project in Beijing are calculated.On this basis,the degree of water shortage in Beijing is quantified,and the ecological compensation standards that Beijing needs to pay from 2008 to 2018 are calculated in combination with the cost analysis method considering the willingness of pay.The ecological compensation standards that Beijing needs to pay from 2020 to 2035 under different water supply guarantee rates are also forecasted.The results show that,when the water transfer volume of the Middle Route of the South-to-North Water Transfer Project can meet the water shortage in Beijing,the ecological compensation standard will not exceed 3%of the economic benefits of the water transfer,so the economic pressure on Beijing for ecological compensation payments is not great.This study can provide an important basis for the establishment of the ecological compensation mechanism for the water demand area of the trans-basin water transfer projects.