黄精配合针刺对血管性痴呆模型大鼠认知功能和突触可塑性的影响

Effects of polygonatum sibiricum combined with acupuncture on cognitive function and synaptic plasticity in vascular dementia model rats

目的:观察黄精(PGS)配合针刺(Acu)对血管性痴呆(VD)模型大鼠认知水平及海马神经元突触可塑性的影响,并探讨其作用机制。方法:60只雄性Wistar大鼠随机分为假手术组(sham)、模型组(VD)、针刺治疗组(Acu)、黄精治疗组(PGS)与黄精配合针刺组(PGS+Acu)。采取双侧颈总动脉反复缺血再灌注同时腹腔注射硝普钠的方法构建大鼠VD模型。造模后Acu组取百会、脾俞、悬钟穴进行针刺,PGS组给予黄精水煎剂灌胃治疗,PGS+Acu组行黄精灌胃和针刺联合治疗。采用Morris水迷宫检测大鼠的空间认知能力,高频刺激(HFS)刺激Schaffer侧支纤维诱导同侧海马CA1区长时程增强(LTP)检测大鼠海马神经元突触可塑性的变化,HE染色检测海马神经元病理学形态改变。结果:与sham组比较,VD组大鼠空间学习记忆能力下降(P<0.01),HFS诱导后海马CA1区神经元的群峰电位(PS)增幅减小(P<0.01),CA1区神经元损伤明显。与VD组相比,Acu组、PGS组及PGS+Acu组大鼠学习记忆能力均提高(P<0.05),PS增幅增大(P<0.01),神经元损伤减轻。但与Acu组或PGS组比较,PGS+Acu组大鼠认知水平增强(P<0.05),PS增幅增加(P<0.01),神经元损伤的改善更为明显。结论:黄精配合针刺治疗可以改善VD模型大鼠的认知水平,机制可能与其减轻海马神经元的病理损伤,诱导增强LTP,提高突触可塑性有关。

Objective: To observe the effects of polygonatum sibiricum( PGS) combined with acupuncture( Acu) on cognitive function and synaptic plasticity of hippocampal neurons in vascular dementia( VD) model rats,and to explore the corresponding mechanism. Methods: Sixty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into sham-operated group( sham),model group( VD),acupuncture treatment group( Acu),polygonatum sibiricum treatment group( PGS),polygonatum sibiricum and acupuncture mixed group( PGS + Acu). The VD model was established by repeatedly blockage of bilateral common carotid arteries leading to ischemia-reperfusion,and intraperitoneal injection of sodium nitrate simultaneously. Then the Acu group were treated with acupuncture at Baihui,Pishu and Xuanzhong acupoints. The PGS group were daily given intragastric administration of decoction of polygonatum sibiricum. Meantime PGS + Acu group were treated with polygonatum sibiricum combined with acupuncture. Subsequently,Morris water maze was performed to test the ability of cognition of rats. And high frequency stimulation( HFS) was given on schaffer collateral commissural pathway,and long term potentiation( LTP) of neurons in hippocampal CA1 region was recorded to detect the change of synaptic plasticity. Then,pathological morphology of neurons was observed by HE staining. Results: Compared with sham group,the ability of spatial learning and memory was reduced( P < 0. 01),the increase of population spike( PS)amplitude after HFS in CA1 area of hippocampus was significantly lower( P < 0. 01),and the neurons were remakably impaired in VD group. Compared with VD group,the ability of learning and memory was enhanced( P < 0. 05),the increase of PS amplitude was higher( P < 0. 01),meanwhile the pathological damage of neurons was improved in Acu group,PGS group,PGS + Acu group. However,compared with Acu group or PGS group,the ability of cognition was enhanced( P < 0. 05),the increase of PS amplitude was significantly higher( P < 0. 01),and the improvement of pathological damage was more obvious in PGS + Acu group. Conclusion: Polygonatum sibiricum combined with acupuncture could improve the ability of spatial cognition in VD model rats,which may be closely related to alleviating the pathological damage of hippocampal neurons,enhancement of LTP,and improving synaptic plasticity.