低剂量CT扫描技术在肋骨骨折检查中的研究进展

The Application of Low Dose CT in the Examination of Rib Fracture

X线自发现以来,在医学领域运用越来越广泛。但是,医疗用X射线是人类最大的人为辐射来源,并认为辐射是造成癌症等疾病发生的重要危险因素。目前,CT扫描对肋骨骨折的诊断已被认为是最佳检查技术,但人体所受辐射剂量会明显增大。通过降低管电流、管电压、增大螺距,以及根据体重指数或噪声水平设定、采用迭代重建技术等多种方法降低CT扫描辐射剂量,已取得一定成效。同时,开展生物个体辐射敏感性相关初步试验性研究,探索辐射敏感体质人群辐射损伤机制,尽量避免辐射敏感体质人群进行放射学检查。本文对低剂量CT扫描在肋骨骨折检查中的研究进展进行了介绍与分析。

Since its discovery,X-ray has been widely used in the field of medicine.However,medical X-ray is the most human radiation source,and radiation is considered to be an important risk factor for cancer and other diseases.At present,CT scan has been considered as the best examination technique for the diagnosis of rib fracture,but the radiation dose to human body has increased significantly.The radiation dose of CT scan can be reduced by reducing the current and voltage of the tube,increasing the pitch,setting according to the body mass index or noise level,and adopting the iterative reconstruction technology.At the same time,the preliminary experimental study on radiation sensitivity of biological individuals was carried out to explore the radiation injury mechanism of radiation sensitive population,and to avoid the radiation examination of radiation sensitive population as far as possible.In this paper,the research progress of low dose CT scanning in the examination of rib fractures is introduced and analyzed.