海岱地区史前扁琮穿臂葬俗的西传和演变

The Westward Spread and Evolution of the Prehistory Burial Custom of Wearing Thin Jade Cong Around the Arms in Haidai Area

20世纪80年代至今,山东地区曾出土了4件片状的扁薄玉琮,出土时均放置或穿戴于墓主手臂部位,形成了独具地域特色的玉琮形制及葬俗。此种扁琮穿臂葬俗是受到良渚文化玉琮及其葬俗的直接影响,抑或也有若干红山文化玉方形器形制方面的间接影响,于大汶口文化晚期在海岱地区杭头等遗址形成,并在海岱地区延续至龙山文化早期。随后西传至今晋南地区的清凉寺及陶寺遗址一带并有所演变。

Since 1980s,4 pieces of thin jade Cong have been unearthed in Shandong area,either laying on or around the arms of the tomb owner when they were excavated,thus forming a unique system of jade cong and its burial customs with a regional character.The burial custom of thin Cong wore on arms was directly influenced by the jade cong and its burial customs of Liangzhu Culture,or also indirectly by the aquare jadeware of Hongshan Culture,and initially formed in the Hangtou site in Haidai region in the late period of Dawenkou Culture,and continued up to the early period of Longshan Culture in Haidai area,and then spread westward to the Qingliangsi and Taosi sites of the south of Shanxi Province with some evolution.