结果导向型的政府环境责任建构

Study on the Construction of Results-Oriented Governmental Responsibility in Environment

我国环境治理从数量过程型管控阶段进入质量改善为目标的结果导向型的环境治理阶段,政府环境责任制度发生重大变化,传统的政府环境责任存在诸多问题:政府环境责任理论体系不成熟;注重政府积极性的环境责任而忽视政府环境责任的追究落实;强调政府部门的环境责任而忽视政府本身的环境责任;强调政府的环境管理责任,服务责任规定少;政府环境责任粗略,缺乏可操作性;部门环境责任不清;缺乏地方政府间的环境责任界定与协调等。为此,要重构以质量改善为结果导向的政府环境责任制度体系包括政府环境决策责任、环境执法责任、环境保障责任、环境监督责任以及政府环境责任追究制度等。为落实政府环境责任体系,必须建立政府环境质量责任界定制度,政府环境责任的实现制度、目标考核制度、责任追究制度、责任监督制度等,为实现政府责任,建立相关辅助制度,如区域环境质量监测制度、环境价值评估制度等。

With the environmental treatment changed from the target of quantitative to qualitative,liability system of government in environment resulted in a fundamental change.Some problems exist in Traditional environmental liability system of government:the theoretical system is still immature;emphasize the positive liability but ignore the negative one;emphasize the liability of department of government but ignore the liability of government itself.emphasize the management liability but ignore the service liability;the rule of it is rough and lack of operability.Department responsibility is unclear and lack of clear definition and harmony.So we must construct the results⁃oriented governmental environment liability system based on the improvement of environmental quality:responsibility system for the decision;enforcement responsibility system;environmental safeguards liability system;environmental supervision responsibility system;environmental accountability system etc.in order to practice the environmental liability system,we should build the liability system:environmental quality responsibility partition system;responsibility enforcement system;target assessment system;accountability system;responsibility supervisory system etc.in order to realize governmental environment responsibility,the auxiliary system should be built:areal environmental quality monitor system;environmental value assessment system etc.