南京市城区3~5岁儿童龋活跃性指数与影响因素分析

Investigation of Cariostat value of caries activity test and analysis of influencing factors in children aged 3 to 5 years in urban area of Nanjing

目的调查南京市城区某幼儿园3~5岁儿童患龋情况,检测龋活跃性指数并分析其与龋病的关系及其影响因素。方法采用整群随机抽样法随机抽取南京市区某幼儿园343名3~5岁儿童,由两名儿童口腔专科医生进行口腔检查、取牙面软垢和菌斑进行龋活跃性指数检测,并由家长完成问卷调查。结果被检人群患龋率64.43%,龋均DMFT=3.71±4.42,龋面均DMFS=6.72±10.44,充填率11.16%,龋活跃性指数1.98±0.716。患龋组与无龋组龋活跃性指数差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。龋活跃性指数与儿童出生6个月喂养方式(OR母乳喂养=2.069,OR混合喂养=2.177),使用奶瓶时间(OR仅两岁前=0.627),母亲每天是否吸烟或被动吸烟(OR每周=0.209),软垢指数(OR无=0.120,OR覆盖牙面1/3以下=0.438),唾液pH值(OR=0.604),龋失补牙面数(OR=1.061)密切相关。结论3~5岁儿童患龋情况严重。在治疗现有龋病的基础上还可以通过出生6个月内的科学喂养、减少奶瓶使用时间、母亲戒烟和拒绝二手烟的方式降低儿童的患龋率,预防龋病的发生。

Objective To investigate the prevalence of dental caries among 3 to 5-year-old children in urban areas of Nanjing,detect the caries activity Cariostat value and analyze the relationship between Cariostat value and dental caries.Methods Totally 343 children aged 3 to 5 years old in a kindergartens in Nanjing were examined by a cross-sectional sampling method.The oral condition of children was examined and the Cariostat value was determined.Meanwhile,a questionnaire survey was conducted on the mother’s primary caregivers.Result The prevalence in children aged 3 to 5 years old was 64.43%,the DMFT was 3.71±4.42,the DMFS was 6.72±10.44,the filling rate was 11.16%,and the Cariostat value was 1.98±0.716.There was a significant difference in Cariostat values between the caries group and the caries-free group.The related factors of Cariostat values were feeding mode within six months of birth(OR breastfeeding=2.069),time of using bottle(OR only before two years old=0.627),daily smoking or passive smoking of mother(ORweekly=0.209),soft scale index(ORno=0.120,ORcovering one third of the tooth surface=0.438),saliva pH value(OR=0.604),and DMFS(OR=1.061).Conclusion The prevalence of dental caries among 3 to 5-year-old children in Nanjing is more serious.So,based on the treatment of existing dental caries,mother/primary caregivers can also reduce the rate of dental caries by scientific feeding within six months of birth,reducing the time of bottle use,quitting smoking and refusing secondhand smoking.