外泌体在口腔组织修复与再生中的研究进展

Research progress of exosomes in oral tissue repair and regeneration

外泌体(exosomes)是可以由多种细胞分泌与摄取的天然纳米囊泡,携带有母细胞的内源性遗传信息,在细胞旁分泌途径中起着质膜交换及转运蛋白质、mRNA等生命活性物质的重要作用,因此能够在各种生理和病理过程中发挥重要的调节作用。在口腔组织再生方面,外泌体不仅可以触发牙髓样组织再生,还在牙周组织再生、血管生成、骨再生以及神经组织修复等方面作用突出。该文对外泌体来源及生物学性状、外泌体的功能,以及外泌体在口腔组织修复与再生中的应用等方面的研究进展进行阐述,为进一步研究提供参考依据。

Exosomes are natural nanovesicles with a diameter of 40 to 100 nm that can be secreted and taken up by a variety of cells.They carry the endogenous genetic information of the mother cell.As a paracellular secretion pathway,it also plays an important role in plasma membrane exchange and transporting proteins,mRNA and other life-active substances,so it can play an important regulatory role in various physiological and pathological processes.In terms of oral tissue regeneration,exosomes can not only trigger pulp-like tissue regeneration,but also play a prominent role in periodontal tissue regeneration,angiogenesis,bone regeneration,and neural tissue repair.This article elaborates the research progress of the origin,biological traits,functions,and the application of exosomes in oral tissue repair and regeneration,providing reference basis for further research.