竹纤维碱化改性对竹纤维/聚丙烯复合材料性能的影响

The Effect of Bamboo Fiber Alkalization Modification on the Performance of Bamboo Fiber/Polypropylene Composites

用不同浓度的NaOH溶液对竹纤维(bamboo fiber,BF)进行表面改性处理,一定温度烘干后,通过熔融挤出制备了竹纤维/聚丙烯(BF/PP)竹塑复合材料。采用示差同步扫描热分析仪(TG-DSC)、红外光谱(FTIR)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)和扫描电镜(SEM)等对预处理前后BF的结构进行表征,并研究了复合材料的力学性能。结果表明:改性后BF的热稳定性升高,形成疏松的纤维束;复合材料的力学性能显著提高。其中用3%的NaOH溶液改性BF制备的复合材料的力学性能最佳,冲击强度较纯PP可提高100%,屈服强度提高14.8%。复合材料冲击断面SEM显示,一定浓度的NaOH溶液改性可以明显提高BF与PP基体树脂间的相容性。

Bamboo fiber(BF)was modified with different concentrations of NaOH solution,dried at a certain temperature,and then BF/polypropylene(BF/PP)bamboo-plastic composites were prepared by melt extrusion.Differential synchronous scanning thermal analyzer(TG-DSC),infrared spectroscopy(FTIR),X-ray diffractometer(XRD)and scanning electron microscope(SEM)were used to characterize the structure of BF during the modification and the mechanical properties of composite materials were studied.The results show that the thermal stability of the modified BF is increased and loose fiber bundles are formed;the mechanical properties of the composite materials are significantly improved.It is worth mentioning that the mechanical properties of composite materials prepared by modifying BF with 3%NaOH solution are the best.Compared with pure PP,the impact strength can be increased by 100%,and the yield strength is increased by 14.8%.The composite impact section SEM showed that a certain concentration of NaOH solution modification can efficiently promote the compatibility between BF and PP matrix resin.