建国来我国婴幼儿照护服务政策:发展历程、演进逻辑与行动展望

The Policy of Infant Care Services since the Founding of the People’s Republic of China:Development Process,Evolution logic and Action Prospect

回顾建国后婴幼儿照护服务政策的发展历程可为未来婴幼儿照护服务的发展提供历史镜鉴。梳理已有婴幼儿照护服务政策,可以发现婴幼儿照护服务遵循着以供需矛盾为表征的政策动力机制、以普惠公益为目标的政策服务定位、以责任分担为机制的政策服务路径等演进逻辑。未来应在理顺政府、市场及家庭的定位与职责的基础上增加婴幼儿照护服务的有效供给、加快顶层设计的同时明确婴幼儿照护服务的主管部门、完善政策配套实施的方式上激发婴幼儿照护服务内生发展动力,促进婴幼儿照护服务良性发展。

A review of the development process of infant and child care service policy after the founding of the People’s Republic of China can provide a historical mirror for the development of infant and child care service in the future.By sorting out the existing infant care service policies,it can be found that infant care services follow the evolutionary logic of the policy dynamic mechanism represent⁃ed by the contradiction between supply and demand,the policy service orientation with the goal of benefiting the public and the policy service path with the mechanism of responsibility sharing.In the future,on the basis of rationalizing the positioning and responsibili⁃ties of the government,the market and the family,the effective supply of infant and young child care services should be increased;Top-level design should be accelerated while clarifying the authorities’responsibility for infant and young child care services;The way to support the implementation of policies should be improved to stimulate the endogenous driving force of infant and young child care services.All of these are to promote the benign development of infant and young child care services.