旧工业空间保护——基于纽约威廉斯堡的案例分析

Defense of Old Industrial Spaces——A Case Study of Williamsburg,New York

当前,我国进入城市去工业化发展阶段,旧工业空间被放弃的现象日益普遍,这会导致城市原有的生产关系网络、密集的社会关系网络以及历史文脉受到破坏,并造成大量的资源浪费以及对高端资源的恶性争夺。文章选取美国纽约市布鲁克林区的威廉斯堡作为案例,对比分析了纽约中心区与威廉斯堡不同的城市化模式,发现:城市“创意”新经济所意味的灵活性、创造力和创新特征也往往存在于旧工业空间,但容易被忽视;旧工业空间仍然有强大的生命力,能有效配置城市资源,促进城市经济合理发展;旧工业空间的利用与保护,对于城市产业高端化和服务化的良性、均衡发展十分重要。在此基础上,文章结合国内广东阳江刀具小镇、广州海珠区创新岛、广州荔湾区广钢新城以及肇庆新能源汽车等案例,就我国如何进行旧工业空间保护、激发创造力和推动创新能力提升等进行了思考,并提出了相关建议。

As China enters the stage of urban deindustrialization now,it is common to see the abandonment of old industrial places.Such will lead to the destruction of the original production network,social relations network and historical context of the city,and bring about a lot of waste resources and vicious competition for high-end resources.This paper takes Williamsburg,Brooklyn,New York,as a case study to compare and analyze the different urbanization modes between central New York and Williamsburg.The study finds that it is easy to ignore the old industrial spaces where the flexibility,creativity and innovation characteristics of urban“creativity”really exists.The old industrial space still has strong vitality,which can effectively allocate the city's resource endowment and promote the rational development of urban economy.The utilization and protection of old industrial space is very important for the benign and balanced development of high-end and service-oriented urban industries.Based on the study,this paper discusses how to protect the old industrial space,stimulate creativity and promote innovation ability in China,combining with the domestic cases in Guangdong province:Yangjiang Cutter Town,Innovation Island in Haizhu District,Guanggang New Town in Liwan District and Zhaoqing New Energy Vehicle,and,puts forward some suggestions.