基于改进投票证明共识协议的车联网系统

Internet of vehicles system based on improved proof of vote consensus protocol

针对车联网(IoV)中信息传播效率及用户安全隐私的问题,提出了一种基于改进投票证明(PoV)共识协议的IoV系统。首先,根据IoV的实际需求,选择使用区块链技术来保障IoV基本的信息传播效率及用户安全;其次,为了进一步提高整个IoV系统的传播效率,通过优化结构及算法的方式改进了传统的PoV共识协议;最后,为了保护IoV用户的安全隐私,设计了一种监督惩罚机制来保障系统的可靠性。该协议不依赖第三方中介,因而可以在保障共识效率的同时保护车辆及车主的相关隐私,更加贴近IoV的实际需求。理论分析和仿真实验表明,同传统的PoV共识协议相比,改进PoV共识协议的确认交易时长以及区块间隔时间均从0.25 min降低至0.2 min;而在共识协议的可靠性对比中,具有监督惩罚机制的改进共识协议的准确性比缺乏监督惩罚机制的改进共识协议提高了29.4%。实验结果表明,改进后的共识协议在IoV中具有较高的共识效率及安全性。

Aiming at the problems of information transmission efficiency and user safety and privacy in the Internet of Vehicles(IoV),an IoV system based on improved Proof of Vote(PoV)consensus protocol was proposed.First,according to the actual needs of IoV,the blockchain technology was used to ensure basic information transmission efficiency and user safety.Second,the structure and algorithm were optimized to improve the traditional PoV consensus protocol in order to further improve the transmission efficiency of entire IoV system.Finally,a supervision and punishment mechanism was designed to ensure the reliability of the system in order to protect the safety and privacy of IoV users.The protocol does not rely on third-party intermediaries,so that it is able to protect the privacy of vehicles and owners while ensuring the consensus efficiency,and is closer to the actual needs of IoV.Theoretical analysis and simulation experiments showed that compared with those of the traditional PoV consensus protocol,the transaction confirmation time and block interval time of the improved PoV consensus protocol were both reduced from 0.25 minutes to 0.2 minutes;and in the reliability comparison with the improved consensus protocol without supervision and punishment mechanism,the improved consensus protocol with supervision and punishment mechanism had the accuracy improved by 29.4%.Experimental results prove that the improved consensus protocol has higher consensus efficiency and safety in IoV.