迈向韧性城市的十个步骤

Ten Steps towards Resilient Cities

韧性城市是应对“黑天鹅式风险”的必然选择,其韧性体现在结构韧性、过程韧性和系统韧性3个层面。城市的新不确定性来源可概括为极端气候、科技革命、冠状病毒和突发袭击4个方面。建设韧性城市需要10个步骤完成:一是转变思想观念;二是创新设计研究机构;三是制定治理方案,列入5年计划;四是编制生命线工程分组团化改造方案;五是在每个社区、每个组团补充原来没有的微循环;六是利用信息技术来协调各个组团和组团内的微循环设施;七是改造老旧小区,补足社区的单元短板;八是新建和改造公共建筑均考虑“平疫结合”“平灾结合”;九是在超大规模城市的周边布局建设“反磁力”的“微中心”;十是深化网格式管理智慧城市建设。

Resilient city is the inevitable choice to deal with Black Swan event.Its resilience is reflected in three aspects:structural resilience,process resilience and system resilience.The new sources of uncertainty in cities can be summarized as extreme weather,scientific and technological revolution,coronavirus and sudden attacks.Ten steps are needed to build a resilient city:first,change the ideology;second,innovate design research institutions;third,make management plan,included in 5-year-plan;fourth,work out the transformation plan of lifeline engineering group;fifth,add missed micro-circulation in every community and urban cluster;sixth,use information technology to coordinate micro-circulation facilities among urban clusters and within each cluster;seventh,renew old communities,make up for the shortcomings of the community unit;eighth,establish functional connection for shifts of pandemic disease-normal and catastrophe-normal conditions in new-constructed and renewed public buildings;ninth,build the "micro-center" of "anti-magnetic force" in the surrounding area of the megastopolis;tenth,enhance network-grid management and smart-city construction.