教育改革中“从做中学”的贯通价值及路径选择

The Value of Link-up and the Path Finding of Learning by Doing in Educational Reform

作为杜威教育理论体系的支柱,“从做中学”在教育改革的系统工程中具有贯通意义,关系到中小学生、中小学教师和教育学者的生存与成长:以主动作业为中心重建学校生活,体现了对中小学生成长的积极意义;让师范生在经验中学做教师,体现了对合格教师成长的支撑;基于实验探求教育真谛,体现了对教育学者新生的促进。美国教育改革进程中经验学习和实践本位教师教育的兴起,以及教育学者走进校园的普遍选择,正在逐步实现“从做中学”推动教育改革的贯通意义。“从做中学”在教育改革中的贯通意义,启示我国要在学校教育中提供足够的亲身经验,促进学生主动学习;彰显教师教育的实践导向,促进教师专业发展;突破学术研究的书斋壁垒,改变教育学者的工作方式。

In the system of educational reform,Dewey's Learning by doing has the value of link-up.In the sense of students’growth,it means rebuilding school life based on active work.In the sense of teachers’development,it invites would-be teachers to learning by engaging in school activities.In the sense of scholars’development,it urges scholars to search educational principles by experiments.The linking meaning of learning by doing has fulfilled unconsciously in America.We should pay more attention to students’experience,help students learn actively,carry out practice-based teacher education and cultivate qualified teachers.The educational scholars should go into the field and bring out practical educational theories for educational reform of China.