单分散纳米金粒子的可控制备与表征

Controllable Synthesis and Characterization of MonodispersedGold Nanoparticles

以水合肼为还原剂,氯金酸溶液为金源,聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)为保护剂,采用化学还原法成功制备了单分散的、粒径分布均匀的纳米金粒子。利用X射线衍射(XRD)、紫外分光光度计(UV-vis)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、扫描电镜(SEM)和马尔文粒径分析仪对纳米金粒子样品的结晶性和粒径进行了深入地研究与分析。结果表明:所得到的纳米金粒子粒径较小,为10~30 nm。PVP用量、氯金酸溶液用量、还原剂用量对纳米金粒子的粒径与形貌影响较大。当PVP用量为0.5 g、氯金酸溶液用量为1 mL、水合肼用量为2 mL时,所得到的纳米金粒子的粒径最小。

Monodispersed gold nanoparticles were obtained by chemical reduction method using PVP as the capping agents,hydrazine hydrate as reducing agents,chloroauric acid solution as gold source.The size and characterization of as-prepared gold colloids were examined by X-ray powder diffraction,UV-vis spectrum,transmission electron microscopy,scanning electron microscope and laser particle size analyzer.The results demonstrated that the obtained gold nanoparticles were small with narrow distribution from 10 to 30 nm.The amounts of chloroauric acid solution,PVP and hydrazine hydrate played important roles in the morphology and size of gold nanoparticles.The smallest gold nanoparticles were obtained when the consumption of PVP,chloroauric acid solution,and hydrazine hydrate was 0.5 g,1 mL and 2 mL respectively.