儿科护士离职意愿现状及其影响因素分析

Analysis on the present situation and influencing factors of turnover intention of pediatric nurses

目的调查儿科护士离职意愿现状,并分析其影响因素,为制定相关措施降低儿科护士离职意愿提供理论依据。方法2019年7~12月对泰安市某三级甲等专科医院的176名儿科护士进行调查,调查内容包括一般人口学特征、职业倦怠、护士工作压力及离职意愿。结果儿科护士中度以上职业倦怠者占52.2%,工作压力总分为(77.90±17.98)分,处于中度压力水平,离职意愿总分为(14.42±3.86)分,指标值达60.1%,较高水平以上离职意愿的比例为69.3%。不同婚姻状况、专业选择方式、工作科室、聘任方式、每月夜班数的儿科护士,离职意愿,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。儿科护士离职意愿与职业倦怠及工作压力显著相关。影响儿科护士离职意愿的影响因素为婚姻状况、聘任方式、每月夜班数、管理及人际关系、工作量及时间分配及情感衰竭。结论儿科护士离职意愿较强,建议管理者结合儿科护士一般情况、工作压力及职业倦怠采取有效措施降低其离职意愿。

Objective To provide theoretical basis for formulating relevant measures to reduce the turnover intention of pediatric nurses by investigating the present situation of the dimission intention of pediatric nurses and analyzing its influencing factors.Methods From March to May 2020,176 pediatric nurses in a Level-III specialized hospital of Tai'an City were investigated,including their general demographic characteristics,job burnout,job pressure and turnover intention.Results Paediatric nurses had a moderate or above job burnout accounted for 52.2%.The total score of working pressure was(77.90±17.98)points,which was at a moderate pressure level,and the total score of turnover intention was(14.42±3.86)points with index value of 60.1%.The percentage of turnover intention above a higher level was 69.3%.For pediatric nurses with different marital statuses,professional selection methods,work departments,employment methods and monthly night shifts,there were statistically significant differences in turnover intention(P<0.05).The turnover intention of pediatric nurses was significantly correlated with job burnout and job stress.The factors influencing the turnover intention of pediatric nurses were marital status,employment method,monthly night shift number,management and interpersonal relationship,workload and time allocation,and emotional exhaustion.Conclusion It is suggested that managers take effective measures to reduce the turnover intention of pediatric nurses according to their general situation,working pressure and job burnout.