基于上海市医院急诊数据的青年人电动自行车骑行者道路交通伤害特征及原因分析

Analysis of Characteristics and Causes of Road Injuries among Young E-bike Riders Based on Emergency Records of Shanghai Hospital

目的分析基于上海市医院急诊病例数据的电动自行车道路伤害流行特征,为开展道路交通伤害预防提供依据。方法2019年3月-7月,在上海市三家综合性医院急诊科对213名因道路交通伤害就诊的电动自行车骑行者进行问卷调查。采用定量和定性分析相结合的方法分析事故发生的三间分布特征和事故发生主要原因。结果事故发生时段以07:00-09:00为主,占25.40%;受伤人群以工厂操作员、办公室职工和网约配送员为主,分别占29.58%,15.02%和11.27%;分别有45.07%和27.70%的事故发生在非机动车道和路口;路窄拥挤是最常见的道路不良环境;不戴头盔和使用手机是常见的危险行为,分别占74.18%和43.31%;定性分析结果显示,“使用手机”“转弯”和“突然改变行驶模式”是最常被提及的关键词。结论电动自行车相关道路交通伤害在人群分布、事故原因方面存在其显著特征,各部门和组织应合作完善道路环境基础设施的建设与维护、规范配送行业标准;进一步完善和落实针对电动自行车的法律法规,减少闯红灯、醉酒骑车或不戴头盔等危险行为发生;针对伤害发生的高危人群进行道路交通安全教育,培养道路使用者的良好出行习惯、促进电动自行车骑行者规范骑行,均有助于降低道路交通伤害的发生。

Objective To analysis the epidemic characteristics of electric bicycle road injuries based on emergency medical records in hospital so as to provide a basis for road traffic injury prevention.Methods From March to July 2019,a questionnaire survey was conducted on 213 e-bike drivers who were treated for road injuries in the emergency department of three hospitals in Shanghai.Quantitative and qualitative analysis were used to analyze the three distribution characteristics and main causes of accidents.Results Most injuries occurred between 7:00 am to 9:00 am,accounting for 25.40%;The injured people were mainly factory operators,office workers and dispatchers,accounting for 29.59%,15.02%and 11.27% of all cases,respectively;45.07%and 27.70%of the accidents occurred in non-motorized lanes and intersections,respectively;Narrow and crowded road is the most common bad road environment;Not wearing helmets and using mobile phones were common dangerous behaviors,accounting for 74.18%and 43.31%,respectively.Qualitative analysis results show that"using a mobile phone""turning"and"suddenly changing the driving mode"were the most frequently mentioned keywords.Conclusions Road traffic injuries related to e-bike have significant characteristics in terms of population distribution and accident causes.Targeted intervention measures should be carried out,such as cooperating with various departments and organizations to improve road environment and standardize delivery industry standards;improving and implementing laws and regulations on e-bikes to reduce dangerous behaviors such as running red lights,riding drunk or not wearing a helmet;carrying out road traffic safety education for people at high risk of injury to cultivate good travel habits of road users and promote standardized driving of e-bike drivers are all conducive to reducing the occurrence of road traffic injuries.