外泌体对运动介导胰岛素抵抗类疾病的调控作用

Regulatory effect of exosomes on exercise-mediated insulin resistance diseases

背景:外泌体与胰岛素抵抗疾病的关系密切,在肥胖和2型糖尿病等胰岛素抵抗类疾病中的诊断与治疗中发挥重要作用。此外,运动影响着体液及循环中外泌体的生物发生,并介导其发挥细胞间通讯作用。目的:总结外泌体与胰岛素抵抗类疾病关系,以及运动介导外泌体在调控胰岛素抵抗相关疾病中的作用及机制。方法:以"extracellular vesicles,exosomes,insulin resistance,obesity,type 2 diabetes mellitus,exercise"和"细胞外囊泡,外泌体,胰岛素抵抗,肥胖,2型糖尿病,运动"为关键词,检索PubMed与中国知网数据库1981至2020年间相关文献,根据纳入及排除标准选择64篇文献。结果与结论:外泌体与胰岛素抵抗疾病的发生发展关系密切,并可作为肥胖和2型糖尿病诊断的生物标记物,通过下调肥胖相关炎症因子表达和改善胰岛素敏感性等有益效用抑制肥胖和2型糖尿病的发展;在有氧运动和抗阻运动介导下,不同细胞来源外泌体通过调节其miRNA和蛋白表达谱参与胰岛素抵抗类疾病的调控。

BACKGROUND:Exosomes are closely related to insulin resistance diseases and play an important role in the diagnosis and treatment of insulin resistance diseases such as obesity and type 2 diabetes.In addition,exercise affects the biogenesis of the body fluid and the circulating exosomes,and mediates the role of intercellular communication.OBJECTIVE:To summarize the relationship between exosomes and insulin resistance diseases,and the role and mechanism of exercise-mediated exosomes in regulating insulin resistance related diseases.METHODS:The“extracellular vesicle,exosomes,insulin resistance,obesity,type 2 diabetes mellitus,exercise”were used as the key words.The literature related to PubMed and CNKI database from 1981 to 2020 was retrieved and 64 papers were selected according to inclusion and exclusion criteria.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Exosomes are closely related to the occurrence and development of insulin resistance diseases,and can be used as biomarkers for the diagnosis of obesity and type 2 diabetes,inhibiting the development of obesity and type 2 diabetes by down-regulating the expression of obesity-related inflammatory factors and improving insulin sensitivity.Mediated by aerobic exercise and resistance exercise,exosomes from different cell sources regulate the regulation of their miRNA and protein expression in patients with extensive insulin resistance.