节温器布置形式对质子交换膜燃料电池电堆冷却性能的影响

Effects of Thermostat Layouts on Cooling Performance of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Stacks

运用一维仿真软件建立质子交换膜燃料电池液冷系统模型,研究了不同节温器布置形式对系统的性能影响。对某额定功率30 kW的燃料电池发动机在4个不同工况点进行液冷系统散热特性仿真:在节温器一进两出的布置形式下仿真结果与试验数据基本一致,电堆出口温度仿真值与实测值相对误差分别为0.5%、1.5%、2.4%、4.9%;节温器两进一出的布置形式下液冷系统中冷却液温度变化平缓而均匀,前10 s和第10~50 s之间的温度变化率之差较一进两出形式低36.85%,更有利于电堆的长期高效运行。

In this research,one-dimensional simulation software is used to establish the liquid cooling system model of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell(PEMFC),and the effects of different thermostat layouts on the performance of the system are studied.Heat dissipation characteristics of a liquid cooling system for a fuel cell engine with rated power of 30 kW are simulated at four different operating points,the results are basically consistent with test data under one-in-twoout arrangement of the thermostat.The relative errors between the simulated value and the measured value of the stack outlet temperature are 0.5%,1.5%,2.4%and 4.9%respectively,whereas the change of the coolant temperature in the liquid cooling system is gentle and even under the two-in-one-out arrangement of the thermostat.The difference of temperature change rate between the first 10 seconds and the range from the 10th second to the 50th second is 36.85%lower than that of one-in-two-out arrangement,which is more conducive to the long-term and efficient operation of the stack.