三峡船闸紧急关阀工况输水阀门工作条件原型观测

Field-observation on filling and emptying valve of the Three Gorges ship lock in emergency case of closing valve under hydrodynamic load

输水阀门是船闸输水系统的关键部位,运行过程中受水动力荷载显著,极易诱发空化、振动,威胁阀门的安全运行。阀门在开启过程中遇紧急情况需动水关闭时,廊道水流呈现负水击波特性,门前压力迅速上升,而门后压力陡降,阀门工作条件恶化。通过现场原型观测,监测了三峡船闸北4闸首输水阀门在紧急关闭时的工作特性,包括流量和门井水位变化,阀门空化、流激振动及启闭力特性,分析了阀门在动水关阀时所承受的最大作用水头响应规律。结果表明:三峡船闸输水阀门在紧急关闭工况下,工作条件安全可靠。

The valve is the key part of filling and emptying system of ship lock.It is significantly affected by hydrodynamic load during operation,which can easily induce cavitation and vibration and threaten the safe operation of valve.When the filling and emptying valve in the emergency case of closing under hydrodynamic load,the water flow in culvert presents negative water-hammer waves,the pressure in front of the valve rises rapidly,while the pressure behind the valve drops sharply,and the working condition of the valve deteriorates.In this article,through the field-observation,the operation characteristics of the filling and emptying valve of the 4th gate on the north lane of the Three Gorges ship lock are monitored when it is closed in an emergency,including the change of flow rate and water level of valve well,characteristics of valve cavitation,flow-induced vibration and hoisting capacity.The response regularity of the maximum acting head when valve in the emergency case of closing under hydrodynamic load is analyzed.The result shows that the filling and emptying valve of the Three Gorges ship lock is safe and reliable under the emergency case of closing.