不可手术切除的肝内胆管细胞癌局部治疗进展

Local therapy for unresectable intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma

肝内胆管细胞癌是指起源于二级及其以上肝内胆管上皮细胞的恶性肿瘤,具有早期诊断困难、恶性程度高及预后差等特点。肝内胆管细胞癌较为少见,在原发性肝脏恶性肿瘤中,其发病率仅次于肝细胞癌,是肝脏第二大原发恶性肿瘤。近年来,肝内胆管细胞癌的发病率及死亡率有不断升高的趋势,手术切除是目前唯一的根治手段,但大部分患者确诊时已失去手术时机。随着局部治疗技术的不断进展,对于不可手术切除的肝内胆管细胞癌患者,局部治疗可以降低肿瘤负荷、缓解症状、延长生存期,甚至有机会通过局部治疗获得手术机会。目前常见的局部治疗手段主要包括:消融治疗、经血管途径治疗及放射治疗。本文对肝内胆管细胞癌目前主要局部治疗现状及进展进行综述,以期对肝内胆管细胞癌的综合治疗提供更多参考。

Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma refers to a malignant tumor that originates from the epithelial cells of the secondary bile duct and the branches of the intrahepatic bile duct.With the characteristics of difficult early diagnosis,high malignancy and poor prognosis.Although intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma is relatively rare,it’s still the second most common primary malignant tumor of the liver following the hepatocellular carcinoma.In recent years,the morbidity and mortality of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma have been increasing.Surgical resection is currently the only radical cure,but most patients have lost the opportunity for surgery when they are diagnosed.With local treatment technology has made great progress.Those patients with unresectable intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma,could get benefits from local treatment in terms of tumor burden reducing,symptoms relieved,prolong survival,and even transforming to surgery available.The current common local treatment methods mainly include:ablation treatment,transvascular treatment and radiotherapy.This article reviews the current status and progress of the main local treatments for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.In order to get more approaches to multiple discipline therapy in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.