巨噬细胞在慢性肾脏病中的作用

Role of macrophages in chronic kidney disease

慢性肾脏病(chronic kidney disease,CKD)已经变成一个主要的世界性健康问题。该文主要阐述巨噬细胞在CKD中的角色和抗炎性M2型巨噬细胞在肾脏纤维化以及伤口愈合过程中的作用。另外,M2型巨噬细胞导致肾脏修复及再生的机制仍存在争议,仍需进一步证明。M1/M2巨噬细胞的平衡与肾脏微环境密切相关,可能影响慢性肾脏病进展。事实上,在慢性肾脏病中肾脏微环境和M2型巨噬细胞的可塑性以及在以巨噬细胞为基础的治疗上依然是一个主要的障碍。如果在体外可以建立稳定的M2型巨噬细胞表型,那么以M2型巨噬细胞为基础的治疗将具有很大前景。但是,对于巨噬细胞极化仍然需要更深一步的解释。另外,在体内更多的措施和靶向去诱导巨噬细胞极化,有望在将来可以为肾脏疾病的治疗提供新方法。

Chronic kidney disease(CKD)has become a major health problem worldwide.This review describes the role of macrophages in CKD and highlights the importance of anti-inflammatory M2 macrophage activation in both renal fibrosis and wound healing processes.Furthermore,the mechanisms by which M2 macrophages induce renal repair and regeneration are still under debate and currently demand more attention.The M1/M2 macrophage balance is closely related to the renal microenvironment and could influence CKD progression.In fact,renal microenvironment and M2 macrophage plasticity can be the major hurdles for establishing macrophage cell-based therapies in CKD.M2 macrophage-based therapy will be promising if the M2 phenotype remains stable in vitro.However,a greater understanding of phenotype polarization is still required.Moreover,better strategies and targets to induce macrophages polarization in vivo should guide future investigations in order to abate kidney diseases.