关税同盟理论视角下南共市对外集体谈判的困境分析

Predicament of Collective Bargaining in Southern Common Market from the Perspective of Customs Union Theory

南共市的关税同盟政策尚不完善,对于成员国而言无疑是把双刃剑,一方面提高了地区内的贸易,另一方面限制了成员国与地区外国家的贸易往来。其对世界福利的贡献较小,对成员国的福利较为有限。集体对外谈判的规则呈现出正反两方面的效应,一方面增加了对外谈判的分量,另一方面因成员国之间利益诉求差别巨大,阻碍了该组织与地区外第三国或集团自贸谈判的进展。我国与南共市开展自贸谈判拥有诸多积极和有利因素,但仍需结合部分成员国对国内制造业实施高度保护、南共市自身发展不稳定以及成员国与美国关系的发展这些客观因素进行考量。

The MERCOSUR’s customs union policy is still imperfect,and it is undoubtedly a double-edged sword for the member states.On one hand,it has increased intra-regional trade,and on the other hand,it has restricted trade between member states and countries outside the region.Its contribution to the world’s welfare is relatively small,and there are disputes over the welfare for member states.Its unified external negotiation regulation also has both positive and negative effects.On one hand,it increases the weight of foreign negotiations as a block.On the other hand,there is a huge difference in interest demands among member states,which hinders the progress of free trade negotiations with third countries or groups outside the region.There are many positive and favorable factors in the free trade negotiations between China and the Mercosur,however,it is still necessary to consider objective factors such as the high protection of domestic manufacturing by some member states,the unstable development of the Mercosur itself,and the development of relations between member states and the United States.