空间曲面结构件焊接变形控制及消除方法研究

Research on Welding Deformation Control and Elimination Method of Space Curved Surface Structure

空间曲面焊接结构件,在焊接过程中时常出现焊接操作空间与焊接变形控制点冲突问题。由于无支撑的焊接位置,受到焊接热循环的影响,容易产生结构件失稳,导致焊接变形。该结构件在焊前采用反变形、防变形双重控制措施,并在焊接过程中调整各焊缝焊接顺序,合理分布工件受热集中点,减少了焊接变形和焊接残余应力。结合该结构件采用高强钢,不能在塑性温度下进行校形的特点,通过机械法进行微量校形,实现设计指标要求,进而保证批量产品的质量一致性和尺寸稳定性。

In the welding process of space curved surface welding structural parts,the conflict between welding operation space and welding deformation control points often occurs.Due to the welding position without support,it is easy to cause instability of structural parts and welding deformation due to the influence of welding thermal cycle.The structure adopts dual control measures of anti deformation and deformation prevention before welding,and adjusts the welding sequence of each weld during the welding process,and reasonably distributes the heat concentration point of the workpiece,thus reducing the welding deformation and welding residual stress.According to the feature that the structural member is made of high strength steel and can not be shaped under plastic temperature,the micro shape correction is carried out by mechanical method to meet the requirements of design index.Then the quality consistency and dimensional stability of batch products are guaranteed.