饲料中添加诃子提取物对奶牛生产性能、乳品质及经济效益的影响

Effects of addition of Terminalia chebula extract on feed performance,milk quality and economic benefits of dairy cows

为研究饲料中添加诃子提取物对奶牛生产性能、乳品质及经济效益的影响,试验选择体重、胎次、泌乳量相近的荷斯坦奶牛80头随机分成4组,每组20个重复,每个重复1头,1组饲喂基础日粮为对照组,试验2、3、4组分别在基础日粮中添加1.0%、2.0%、3.0%的诃子提取物,预试验7 d,试验期56 d。结果表明:(1)试验2、3、4组的平均日采食粗料量高于1组(P>0.05);试验3、4组的平均日产奶量较1组比分别提高19.9%、17.5%(P<0.05),饲料转化率较1组比分别降低14.3%、13.7%(P<0.05);(2)试验2、3、4组的乳脂率、乳干物质率均高于1组(P>0.05),试验3、4组的乳蛋白率、乳糖率较1组比分别提高11.8%、10.8%、8.6%、7.8%(P<0.05),体细胞数较1组比分别降低12.0%、10.2%(P<0.05);(3)试验3、4组利润最高,较1组比分别提高19.3%、16.3%。综上,不同水平的诃子提取物添加可以有效地提高奶牛的生产性能、乳品质及经济效益,以2.0%添加量为适宜。

In order to study the effect of Terminalia chebula extract on milk performance,milk quality and economic benefit of dairy cows,80 Holstein cows with similar body weight,parity and milk yield were randomly divided into 4 groups,each group had 20 repetitions,and each repetitions had one.Group 1 was fed with basal diet.In groups 2,3,4,1.0%,2.0%and 3.0%of Terminalia chebula seed extract were added to basal diet respectively.The experiment was carried out for 7 days and 56 days.The results showed that:(1)The average amount of crude meal in the groups 2,3 and 4 was higher than that in the group 1(P>0.05);the average daily milk output of test groups 3 and 4 was 19.9%and 17.5%higher than that of group 1,respectively(P<0.05);the feed conversion rate was 14.3%and 13.7%lower than that of group 1,respectively(P<0.05);(2)The milk fat rate and dry matter rate of test groups 2,3 and 4 were higher than that of group 1(P>0.05),the milk protein rate and lactose rate of test groups 3 and 4 were 11.8%,10.8%,8.6%and 7.8%higher than that of group 1,respectively(P<0.05),and the somatic cell number was 12.0%and 10.2%lower than that of group 1(P<0.05).(3)Compared with group 1,the profit of group 3 and group 4 was the highest,which was 19.3%and 16.3%higher than that of group 1.In conclusion:the addition of different levels of Terminalia chebula extract could effectively improve the production performance,milk quality and economic benefits of dairy cows,and the addition of 2.0%was suitable.