空间经济学的一些理论问题

Some Theoretical Problems of Space Economics

空间经济学以人口和财富分布不平衡现象为主要研究对象,试图解释经济活动空间聚集和空间分散的基本机理。空间经济学强调空间均衡,因为聚集经济和贸易成本之间的均衡决定经济活动空间分布格局。如果研究大尺度范围的空间问题,一般选择存在货币外部性的规模收益递增和垄断竞争框架,如果研究城市内部的局部性空间问题,一般选择存在技术外部性的规模收益不变和完全竞争框架。

Taking the unbalanced distribution of population and wealth as the main research object,spatial economics tries to explain the basic mechanism of spatial aggregation and spatial dispersion of economic activities.Spatial economics emphasizes spatial equalization because the balance between aggregate economy and trade costs determine the spatial distribution pattern of economic activities.In the case of large-scale spatial problems,the framework of increasing returns to scale and monopoly competition with monetary externalities is generally chosen;in the case of local spatial problems within cities,the framework of constant returns to scale and monopoly competition with technological externalities is generally chosen.