老年创业成长模型与特征分析——基于多案例研究

Analysis on the Growth Model and Characteristics of Senior Entrepreneurship——Based on Multiple Case Studies

为探究老年群体的创业特征,本文基于条件-过程-结果的全纳视角,采用多案例研究方法,挖掘老年创业成长的条件、过程和结果要素,构建老年创业成长模型,并基于已有文献,对比分析老年创业群体相较于中青年群体的差异。研究结果表明,在条件要素中,老年创业动机呈现"拔高型"特征,已有经验属于"知识经验双丰型",并具有"人脉密储蓄少"的资源禀赋特征。在过程要素中,创业机会识别具有"内部性",产品定位倾向"价值先行",缺乏金融支持,是"亲友反对型"创业,创业后遭遇"失落"的心理障碍。在结果要素中,倾向于获得"精神型"满足。

To explore characteristics of senior entrepreneurship,the paper based on the whole perspective of conditions-process-results,uses the multiple case study method to dig out the condition,process and result factors of senior entrepreneurial growth and build the senior entrepreneurial growth model.Further,based on the existing literature,the study explores the characteristics of the senior group and the young and middle-aged group in the condition,process and result factors.The results show that among the condition factors,the entrepreneurial motivation of the senior presents the characteristic of uplifting,the prior experience presents the characteristic of abundance of both knowledge and experience,and the resource endowment presents the characteristic of close contacts and less savings.Among the process factors,the opportunity identification of senior has the characteristics of internality;product positioning has the characteristics of value first;lacking in financial support and opposed by relatives and friends are also characteristics of senior entrepreneurship;and the senior also has the psychological barrier of"loss"after entrepreneurship.Among the results factors,seniors tend to enjoy spiritual satisfaction.