2005-2019年玉溪市10~24岁青少年性传播疾病流行特征与趋势分析

Analysis of Epidemiological Trends and Characteristics of Sexual Transmitted Disease Among Adolescents Aged 10 to 24 Years in Yuxi Prefecture From 2005 to 2019

目的了解玉溪市青少年性传播疾病流行特征和变化趋势。方法收集玉溪市2005-2019年10~24岁性传播疾病(其中艾滋病只包括以性接触方式传播者)病例资料进行流行病学分析。结果2005-2019年玉溪市总报告青少年性传播疾病2299例,占总报告病例的15.94%,病例数逐年上升。自2005年起青少年占比逐年下降但2018年起又开始回升,男女比为0.98,历年男性占比逐年下降后近年又开始上升。少数民族占25.63%,历年波动不大,18岁以下者占19.70%,历年呈上升趋势。学生占6.83%,历年呈上升趋势,报告发病高峰主要为5~10月以及12月。461例HIV感染者中,22.34%通过同性性接触感染,历年呈上升趋势,19.52%的HIV感染者报告时即为艾滋病,占比历年呈下降趋势。600例青少年梅毒感染者中,一期或二期占23.00%,历年占比呈波动中下降。结论玉溪市青少年性传播疾病报告病例数和占总报告病例比在上升,疫情加重,低龄化倾向明显,需根据不同疾病的流行特点采取相应的防控措施。

Objective To investigate the trends in and characteristics of sexual transmitted disease(STD)epidemiology among adolescents aged 10 to 24 years in Yuxi prefecture over the period of 2005 to 2019.Methods An epidemiological study was performed on sexual transmitted HIV/AIDS and other STD cases reported from Yuxi prefecture between 2005 and 2019.Result There were 2299 STD cases reported,accounting for the proportions of the total number was 15.94%,the number of case report on STD among the adolescents of 10 to 24 years age group had been rising,similar trend was also observed on the number of reported cases over the years,accounting for the proportions of the total number of reported cases.The ratio of men versus women is 0.98,the proportion of men decreased year by year and then raised in recent years.The ethnic minorities account for 25.63%and with no fluctuation over the years,those under 18 years old account for 19.70%and students accounted for 6.83%,all of them showed an upward trend over the years,STD occurred during May to October and December.Among 461 HIV infected cases,22.34%were infected through homosexual contact,showed a rising trend over the years,19.52%of the them diagnosed as AIDS,showed a decreasing trend over the years.Among 600 syphilis infected cases,23.00%were primary or secondary syphilis,the proportion decreased over the years.Conclusion The number of case report on STD among the adolescents of 10 to 24 years age group is rising,similar trend is also observed on the number of reported cases over the years,the epidemic is in increasing and younger age and tend to become more evident,corresponding prevention and control strategies are needed to control the epidemic of those STDs.