基于三阶段DEA模型的科技企业孵化器运行效率测度

Measurement on Operating Efficiency of Technology Business Incubators Based on Three-stage DEA Model

科技企业孵化器助推科技创新创业,有利于高新技术产业化,其运行效率直接影响区域创新实力与经济转型。文章运用三阶段DEA模型对2017年我国31个省份科技企业孵化器的运行效率进行了研究。以SFA模型剥离出影响投入变量的环境因素,通过传统DEA模型和三阶段DEA模型结果对比,分析了孵化器运行效率情况。结果表明:FDI占GDP比重是孵化器运行效率的有利因素,三种专利授权量和人均公共财政支出是孵化器运行效率的不利因素;经SFA调整后的科技企业孵化器运行的技术效率有所下降,且省份间差异较大;非DEA有效省份的科技企业孵化器均为规模报酬递增,政府可适度引导科技企业孵化器扩大规模以改进运行效率。

Technology business incubators promote technology innovation and entrepreneurship,which is conducive to the industrialization of high and new technology,its operation efficiency directly affecting the regional innovation strength and economic transition.This paper uses three-stage DEA model to study the operation efficiency of technology business incubators of China’s 31 provinces in 2017,and then employs the SFA model to strip out the environmental factors that affect the input variables toanalyze the incubators’operation efficiency through comparison between the results of traditional DEA model and threestage DEA model.The results show that the proportion of FDI in GDP is a favorable factor for the operation efficiency of incubators,while the number of three-kind patent grants and per capita public financial expenditure are the unfavorable factors for the operation efficiency of the incubator;that the technical efficiency of technology business incubators’operation slightly decreases after the SFA adjustment,and the inter-provincial difference is relatively large;and that the technology business incubators in nonDEA effective provinces are all with increasing returns to scale,and the government can moderately guide the scale expansion of technology business incubators to improve the operation efficiency.