STEM教育的特点分析及对创客教育的启示研究

Analysis of the Characteristics of STEM Education and Its Enlightenment to Maker Education

知识经济的时代,人才培养的全面化、创新化、综合化走向无疑是大势所趋。美国STEM教育和创客教育均是重视跨学科知识融合和创新人才培养的新型教学模式。通过分析其共同的理论根基和现实基础,并比较它们的不同之处,发现创客STEM教育对创客教育的优化作用。借鉴STEM教育课程体系的跨学科整合性、学习过程的实践体验性、学习活动的协作互助性、教师队伍的专业复合性、教育手段的技术信息化的特点,总结出创客教育的发展方向:加强课程融合,重构课程体系;创新学习方式,在活动中学习;整合多方力量,开展协作学习;提高师资水平,提供专业指导;推动创客活动,营造创客文化。

In the era of knowledge economy,the trend of comprehensive,innovative and comprehensive talent training is undoubtedly the general trend.Both STEM education and maker education in the United States are new teaching models that emphasize the integration of interdisciplinary knowledge and the cultivation of innovative talents.By analyzing their common theoretical and practical foundations,and comparing their differences,it is found that Maker STEM education is beneficial to makers.Drawing lessons from the characteristics of STEM education:the interdisciplinary integration of the curriculum system,the practical experience of the learning process,the collaboration and mutual assistance of learning activities,the professional complexity of the teaching team,and the technical informationize of educational methods,and summarize the development direction of maker education:strengthen curriculum integration,restructure curriculum system,innovate learning methods,learn in activities,carry out collaborative learning,integrate multiple forces,build education teachers,provide professional guidance,promote maker activities,and create a maker culture.