敦煌遗书脉象描述特点分析

Analysis of the Feature of Pulse Manifestation Description in Dunhuang Manuscripts

敦煌遗书涉及脉象描述的有《平脉略例》《玄感脉经》《亡名氏脉经第二种》三篇,其中《平脉略例》与《亡名氏脉经第二种》各记录脉象19种,脉象描述自成一体,对脉象主病描述以脉为纲、以寸关尺三部为目;《玄感脉经》记录脉象23种及怪脉6种,脉象描述多与《备急千金翼方》相同,又包含《备急千金要方》中伏、软、革三脉,应是对两书的总结之作。三篇脉学文献对脉象比喻生动,脉位描述到位,脉象表述准确,在脉位、脉率、脉势、脉感等方面的表达更加完善准确,可为现代临床脉诊提供参考。

There are three parts involving descriptions of the pulse in Dunhuang manuscripts,including Ping Mai Lue Li(《平脉略例》),Xuan Gan Mai Jing(《玄感脉经》)and Wangmingshi Maijing Di'erzhong(《亡名氏脉经第二种》).Ping Mai Lue Li and Wangmingshi Maijing Di'erzhong records 19 types of pulses respectively.The description of the pulse conditions is self-contained.The description of the main diseases of the pulse conditions uses the pulse as the outline and the three parts of Cun-guan-chi as the detailed outline.Xuan Gan Mai Jing records 23 types of pulses manifestation and 6 types of curious pulse.The description of the pulse condition is mostly the same as in Bei Ji Qian Jin Yi Fang(《备急千金翼方》),including 3 types of deep-sited pulse,soft pulse,and tympanic pulses in Bei Ji Qian Jin Yao Fang(《备急千金要方》),which should be the summary of the above two books.The three pulse literature have vivid metaphors for pulse conditions,accurate descriptions of pulse positions,accurate representations of pulse conditions,and more complete and accurate expressions in terms of pulse position,pulse rate,pulse potential,and pulse sensation,which can provide references for modern clinical pulse diagnosis.