雪燕营养成分分析及抗氧化活性评价

Analysis of Nutritional Components and Antioxidant Activity of Tragacanth Gum

以雪燕为研究对象,从微量元素和氨基酸组成、活性多糖及其抗氧化活性评价等方面入手,研究雪燕的营养价值及雪燕多糖的体外抗氧化能力。利用电感耦合等离子体质谱(inductively coupled plasma massspectrometry,ICP-MS)法测定雪燕中微量元素的含量;采用全自动氨基酸分析仪分析雪燕中氨基酸的种类与含量;应用水提醇沉法提取雪燕多糖并进行条件优化;采用高效液相色谱法对单糖组成成分进行分析;评价雪燕多糖体外抗氧化能力。结果表明:雪燕中含有丰富的微量元素和氨基酸,其中锶(1.06×10-2 g/100 g)、锰(2.87×10-3 g/100 g)、天冬氨酸(aspartic acid,Asp)(9.28 g/100 g)、亮氨酸[(leucine,Leu)7.01 g/100 g]和谷氨酸[(glutamic,Glu)5.49 g/100 g]含量最为丰富;雪燕多糖提取的最佳工艺条件为:提取温度60℃、pH2.0、提取时间3.5 h,多糖提取率可达13%;雪燕多糖中的单糖组成成分主要是鼠李糖、半乳糖、半乳糖醛酸、葡萄糖醛酸,它们的相对质量分数分别为22.1%、20.0%、5.66%、1.64%。雪燕多糖的DPPH自由基清除率为23.84%,具有较好的抗氧化活性。雪燕具有丰富的营养价值及较好的抗氧化能力,为雪燕功能性食品的开发提供理论依据。

The nutritional value of tragacanth gum and the antioxidant capacity of tragacanth gum polysaccharide were studied from the aspects of the composition of trace elements and amino acids,the evaluation of active polysaccharides and their antioxidant activity.Trace elements test method was established by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry(ICP-MS).The amino acids content of tragacanth gum was analysised with automatic amino acid analyzer.The polysaccharide was extracted by water extraction and alcohol precipitation and the condition was optimized;the monosaccharide components were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography;and the antioxidant effects of the extracted polysaccharide was also studied.The results showed that tragacanth gum was rich in trace elements and amino acids,such as cesium(1.06×10-2 g/100 g),manganese(2.87×10-3 g/100 g),aspartic acid(9.28 g/100 g),leucine(7.01 g/100 g)and glutamic acid(5.49 g/100 g);the optimum extraction technology of tragacanth gum polysac-charide were extraction temperature 60℃,extraction time 3.5 h,and pH value 2.0.Under the condition,the extraction rate of polysaccharide reached 13%;the monosaccharides in tragacanth gum polysaccharide were rhamnose,galactose,galacturonic acid,glucuronic acid,and their relative mass percentages were 22.1%,20.0%,5.66%and 1.64%respectively.The DPPH free radical scavenging rate of tragacanth gum polysaccharide was 23.84%,and it had good antioxidant activity.Tragacanth gum has rich nutritional value and good antioxidant capacity.This study will provide theoretical basis for the development of tragacanth gum functional food.