大直径钢筒仓在高温贮料作用下的结构响应分析

Research on structural response of steel silos under hot granular materials

根据壳体的弯矩理论推导了高温贮料作用下钢筒仓位移和内力计算公式。通过理论分析与有限元计算相结合,研究了高温贮料对钢筒仓结构性能的影响,通过算例证明了理论解的可靠性。理论和数值分析结果表明:高温贮料和仓内原有冷料共同作用会沿筒仓高度方向产生温差,该温差会在钢筒仓中部引起仓壁径向位移差;由于仓壁变形需连续、协调,所以在仓壁中部温差处的弯矩、剪力和应力会显著增大。参数分析结果表明:由高温贮料所导致周向温度应力的大小不仅与筒仓的竖向温差值有关,还与过渡段长度及仓壁径厚比有关,而与筒仓的绝对温度值无关;随着筒仓温差增大,温度应力随之增大;仓壁中部的温度应力随着中间温度过渡段长度的增大而呈下降趋势;随着径厚比减小,仓壁中部周向应力可能大于仓底应力,当筒仓径厚比较小时,在设计中应重视竖向温差导致的周向应力变化。

The radial displacement and internal force formulations of steel silos infilled with high temperature stored materials are derived based on shell theory with bending moment.Effect of the high temperature stored materials on the structural behavior of the steel silo is analyzed by FEM and theoretical method.Differential expansion is shown in the middle of the steel silo subject to the vertical temperature difference induced by high temperature stored materials,together with the bending moment,shear force and stresses arising for satisfying compatibility between the deformations.The circumferential stress in the middle of the silo related to the vertical temperature difference.The stress increases with the temperature difference.With the increases of the temperature transition zone length,the maximum value of circumferential stress in the middle of the silo decreases.The circumferential stress caused by vertical temperature difference will be larger than the stress at the bottom of the silo when the radius to thickness ratio is small.This thermal stress should be drawn more attention in practical engineering.