粤港澳大湾区的经济学内涵——基于新制度经济学的交易成本视角

The Economic Connotation of Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area: Based on the Perspective of Transaction Costs in New Institutional Economics

粤港澳大湾区建设是中央推动区域协调发展的重大战略部署,是一次点面结合的顶层设计。湾区城市群建设的早期经验来自于长江三角洲一体化,但无论是大湾区抑或长三角,针对这些庞大城市群建设所包蕴的经济学内涵却一直缺乏研究。为此,文章尝试通过阐释聚落、城市及国家的形成机理,基于交易成本视角衍生出湾区经济带的经济学内涵。研究发现,湾区经济带的产生不单是国家意志的体现,而且是侧重于交易成本的经济规律使然。湾区经济带作为一个中观存在,属于城市演进的高级阶段,弥补了城市与国家之间的治理环节,有效降低了交易成本,具体可表现在地域规模、区域治理、语言种类、文化差异、交通便利性等方面。

The construction of Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area(GBA) is a significant strategic deployment of China’s central government to promote economic coordinated development, as well as a top-level design combining point and surface. The early experience of urban agglomeration construction in the Bay Area comes from the integration of the Yangtze River Delta. However, whether it is GBA or Yangtze River Delta, the economic connotation of the construction of these huge urban agglomerations has been lack of research. To this end, the paper attempts to derive the economic connotation of economic belt of the Bay Area from the perspective of transaction cost by explaining the formation mechanisms of the settlements, cities and countries. The research shows that the formation of economic belt of the Bay Area is not only a manifestation of the will of the country, but also caused by the economic law focusing on transaction costs. Existing at the meso level, the economic belt of the Bay Area which belongs to the advanced stage of urban evolution makes up for the governance link between the city and the country, and effectively reduces the market transaction costs. It can be embodied in the aspects of geographic scale, regional governance, language types, cultural differences and transportation convenience, etc.