经济功能区设立提升了企业出口国内增加值率吗?

Does the Establishment of the Economic Functional Zone Increase the Domestic Value-added Rate of Corporate Exports?

经济功能区是中国外向型经济发展的重要平台,文章利用2000~2006年和2000~2015年间中国海关进出口数据,匹配对应中国工业企业数据,用两种方法分别计算了企业出口国内增加值率,同时手工甄别样本期间位于经济功能区的企业,运用多期双重差分法考察经济功能区设立是如何作用于企业出口国内增加值率的问题。结果显示,经济功能区设立有效提升了区内企业出口国内增加值率,两种计算方法在核心结论上结果稳健。进一步研究表明,上述政策效果在所有制类型不同和商品类型不同的企业中均显著为正;一般贸易企业进入经济功能区会提升出口国内增加值率,加工贸易企业进入经济功能区反而会降低出口国内增加值率;由经济功能区设立而产生的学习效应是区内企业出口国内增加值率提升的源泉,这主要通过提高成本加成率和创新能力来实现。因始终处于功能区而带来的集聚效应对企业出口增加值率为负向影响,而离开功能区所带来的选择效应提升了区内企业的平均价值链地位。

Economic zone is an important platform for the export-oriented economic development of our country.This article uses the database of China’s industrial enterprises between 2000 and 2006 and the China Customs Import and Export Database between2000 and 2015,and manually identifies the industrial enterprises located in the economic functional area during the sample period.Difference in difference method is used to investigate the impact of the establishment of economic functional zones on the domestic value-added rate of export of enterprises.It is found that the economic functional zones have a significant positive effect on the increase of the domestic value-added rate of enterprises’export,and the results have passed the robustness test and the endogenous test.Further research shows that:first,The policies mentioned earlier have significant positive effects on enterprises with different types of ownership and different types of commodities;second,general trading enterprises,eastern enterprises entering economic function zones will increase the rate of value-added domestic export;processing trade enterprises or western enterprises entering the economic function zone will reduce the rate of value-added domestic export;third,the learning effect generated by the establishment of the economic function zone is the source of the increase of the domestic value added rate of the enterprises in the zone.