中国刑事法治指数的创制研究

A Study of the Creation of the Criminal Rule of Law Index in China

为创制一种全面、客观、科学的刑事法治指数,首先,需要从刑事法治专家评估和普通公众评估两个层面建立全面的研究构想和假设。根据研究构想和假设,创设刑事法治专家评估和普通公众评估两种类型调查问卷;采用整群随机抽样调查法,收集刑事法治专家调查有效样本1312个,普通公众调查有效样本1289个。其次,在对数据进行无量纲化基础上,采用验证性因素分析法,创建刑事法治专家评估指数、普通公众评估指数结构方程模型和二阶单因素模型;通过检验,刑事法治专家评估10个研究构想和理论假设中,有5个被验证有效;普通公众评估6个研究构想和理论假设中,有4个被验证有效。再次,根据被有效验证的研究构想和理论假设,创建刑事法治专家评估指数、普通公众评估指数二阶单因素计算模型;通过对模型的计算客观得出指标权重和二级指数权重。最后,采用加权算术平均法创制中国刑事法治指数。

In order to create a comprehensive,objective and scientific index of criminal rule of law in China,first of all,it is necessary to establish a comprehensive research constructs and theoretical hypotheses from two aspects which are the evaluation of legal experts and the general public.Therefore two types of questionnaires are created,namely,expert assessment and public evaluation.Then empirical surveys are carried out by cluster random sampling,and 1312 survey samples are collected from questionnaires of legal experts and 1289 survey samples from questionnaires of the general public.Secondly,the sample data was non-dimensionalized by extreme value method.The structural equation model and the second-order single factor model of criminal law index of the evaluation of legal experts and the general public are created by the confirmatory factor analysis method.According to the test results,5 among the 10 research constructs and theoretical hypotheses from the evaluation of legal experts have been validated;4 of the 6 research constructs and theoretical hypotheses from the evaluation of the general public have been validated.Thirdly,the second-order single factor calculation models of criminal law index of the evaluation of legal experts and the general public are established.Then weights of indicators and the second-order indices are objectively determined through the model calculation.At last index of the criminal rule of law of China is created by weighted arithmetic average method.