大尺寸水工隧洞衬砌物理模型试验系统研制与应用

Development and application of physical model test system for large-scale hydraulic tunnel lining

根据水工隧洞衬砌受力特点,研制出一种新型的大尺寸水工隧洞衬砌模型试验系统。该系统主要由压力筒体、加载系统、测量系统、封水结构组成,其中压力筒体由厚22 mm的Q245R钢板制作,尺寸为?3000 mm×L4000 mm,外水压力试验时采用橡胶囊柔性加载方式或衬砌与压力筒体间高压水体直接加载方式,内水压力试验时在隧洞内腔直接采用高压水体加载,动力源由自主设计的伺服控制高压水泵与稳压筒体组成,测量系统由常规检测仪器组合实现,封水结构则由端头涂刷防水胶与双圈橡胶条实施。该模型试验系统在高外水压力、高内水压力作用下的水工隧洞衬砌试验结果表明,所研制的试验系统能满足水工隧洞多种不同边界模型试验要求。

According to the characteristics of hydraulic tunnel lining,a new type of large-size hydraulic tunnel lining model test system was developed.The system is mainly composed of pressure cylinder,loading system,measuring system,and water sealing structure.The pressure cylinder is made of 22 mm thick Q245R steel plate,with a diameter of 3000 mm and a length of 4000 mm.In the external water pressure test,the rubber bladder flexible loading method or the direct loading method of high-pressure water between the lining and the pressure cylinder is used,and the high-pressure water is directly loaded in the tunnel cavity during the internal water pressure test.The power source is a self-designed private server controlled high-pressure water pump and a pressure-stabilizing cylinder.The measurement system is realized by a combination of conventional testing instruments.The water-sealing structure is realized by painting the end with waterproof glue and double-ring rubber strips.The test results of the hydraulic tunnel lining with two different boundary conditions under the action of high external water pressure and high internal water pressure indicates that it can meet the requirements of a variety of different boundary model tests of hydraulic tunnels.