阿克苏地区住院病例甲状腺疾病患病现况分析

Analysis of prevalence of thyroid diseases among inpatients in Aksu prefecture

目的分析2014—2018年新疆阿克苏地区住院病例甲状腺疾病患病现况,掌握食用盐碘含量新标准实施后阿克苏地区住院病例甲状腺疾病谱变化情况,为进一步精准开展碘缺乏病防治提供依据。方法采取回顾性调查方法,收集并抄录2014—2018年阿克苏地区第一人民医院住院病例甲状腺疾病患病种类和病历。结果2014—2018年医院共收治住院病例279188例,其中出院诊断为甲状腺疾病14669例,男性3072例、女性11597例,男女性别比1∶3.76,男女性住院病例数逐年增多,不同年度甲状腺疾病住院比例不同,差异有统计学意义(χ^2=331.735,P<0.05);因甲状腺疾病住院的人数占总住院人数的比例不断上升,从2014年的1.86%上升到2018年的7.82%,其中甲状腺功能亢进症病例859例(5.86%)、甲状腺炎460例(3.14%)、甲状腺功能减退症9523例(64.92%)、甲状腺良性肿瘤361例(2.46%)、甲状腺癌562例(3.83%)、甲状腺肿2743例(18.70%)、其他161例(1.10%)。结论2014—2018年阿克苏地区医院住院病例中,甲状腺功能亢进症的构成比逐年下降,提示该地区碘缺乏病防治重点人群碘营养处于适宜水平。

Objective To analyze the prevalence of thyroid diseases in inpatients in Aksu prefecture from 2014 to 2018,and understand the spectrum changes of thyroid diseases in inpatients after the implementation of the new standard for iodine content in edible salt,so as to provide the basis for further conducting precise prevention and control of iodine deficiency disorders.Methods Retrospective investigation was taken for collecting and transcribing the types and the medical records of the inpatients with thyroid disease in the First People’s Hospital of Aksu prefecture from 2014 to 2018.Results Totally there were 279188 cases admitted in the hospital,including 14669 cases suffered from thyroid disease with discharge diagnosis from 2014 to 2018.There were 3072 cases of the male and 11597 cases of the female,with the ratio of the male to female of 1∶3.76,and the female cases was more than the males.The number of both male and female hospitalized cases increased year by year.There was statistical difference(χ~2=331.735,P<0.05)in the proportions of inpatients with thyroid disease all the years.The proportion of hospitalized cases increased from 1.86%in 2014 to 7.82%in 2018,due to the continuous increase of the proportion of hospitalized cases of thyroid disease.There were 859(5.86%)cases of hyperthyroidism,460(3.14%)cases of thyroiditis,9523(64.92%)cases of hypothyroidism,361(2.46%)cases of benign thyroid tumors,562(3.83%)cases of thyroid cancer,2743(18.70%)cases of goiter,and 161(1.10%)cases of other thyroid diseases.Conclusions The proportion of inpatients with hyperthyroidism decreases year by year in the hospitalized cases in Aksu prefecture from 2014 to 2018.It shows that the iodine nutrition of the key population for iodine deficiency disorders prevention is at the appropriate level in the area.