2019年新疆法定报告传染病发病与死亡特征分析

Analysis of morbidity and mortality characteristics of notifiable infectious diseases in Xinjiang,2019

目的了解2019年新疆法定报告传染病的发病与死亡特征。方法使用EXCEL 2016,采用描述性分析方法分析中国疾病预防控制信息系统传染病监测系统中2019年新疆法定报告传染病发病和死亡数据。结果2019年新疆24种法定报告传染病共报告发病173232例、报告发病率696.5509/10万,报告发病率居前五位的病种依次为病毒性肝炎(176.3251/10万)、肺结核病(169.0513/10万)、流行性感冒(90.1288/10万)、梅毒(86.2164/10万)和其他感染性腹泻(57.0487/10万);报告死亡率居前五位的病种依次为艾滋病(4.3185/10万)、肺结核病(2.3482/10万)、病毒性肝炎(0.0402/10万)、流行性感冒(0.0322/10万)和梅毒(0.0080/10万);呼吸道传染病占年度发病总数的42.66%,其次是经血与性传播传染病、肠道传染病、动物源性和虫媒传染病,不同传播途径的传染病发病高峰不同;乌鲁木齐市及南疆四地州发病率较高;以农民、学生、散居儿童、家务及待业人员和托幼儿童为主、占全疆发病数的80.73%。结论2019年度新疆传染病总体疫情较为平稳,新疆各类法定传染病的发病数显现重点病种集中的趋势,南疆地区的总体发病率高;应有针对性地加强重点传染病的防控,开展健康教育,提高基层医疗机构的医疗水平,并进一步加强新发及再发传染病的监测和预警。

Objective To understand the characteristics of morbidity and mortality of notifiable infectious diseases reported in Xinjiang in 2019.Methods The data of incidence and death of notifiable diseases from China Disease Control and Prevention Informaion System of Infectious Disease Report in Xinjiang in 2019 were analyzed with descriptive method by EXCEL 2016.Results Out of 24 notifiable infectious diseases reported in Xinjiang in 2019,there were 173232 cases with the reported morbidity of 696.5509/100000.The top five diseases as the reported incidence rate were viral hepatitis(176.3251/100000),tuberculosis(169.0513/100000),influenza(90.1288/100000),syphilis(86.2164/100000)and other infectious diarrhea(57.0487/100000).The top five diseases as the reported death rate were AIDS(4.3185/100000),tuberculosis(2.3482/100000),viral hepatitis(0.0402/100000),influenza(0.0322/100000)and syphilis(0.0080/100000).The number of cases of respiratory infectious diseases accounted for 42.66%of the total number of cases of infectious disease this year,followed by the blood-born and sexually transmitted diseases,intestinal infectious diseases,zoonotic and arthropodborne diseases.The peaks of incidence of infectious diseases with different transmission routes were different.The incidence rate was high in Urumqi and four prefectures of southern Xinjiang.The cases of famers,students,scattered children,housework and unemployed people,and children in kindergartens were of the majority and accounted for 80.73%of the total cases in Xinjiang.Conclusions The epidemic situation of infectious diseases is generally stable in Xinjiang in 2019,and the morbidity of the key diseases tends to be of concentration.The incidence rate is generally high in southern Xinjiang.The prevention of key infectious diseases,health education and the medical level of basic medical institution should be strengthened,implemented and improved.The surveillance and precaution against new and recurrent infectious diseases should also be reinforced.