2019年湖南省郴州市人群土源性线虫感染分析

Survey of infection with soil-transmitted nematode in Chenzhou city of Hunan province,2019

目的分析湖南省郴州市人群土源性线虫感染现状,为土源性线虫病防控提供科学依据。方法2019年在郴州市4个县开展监测,每个监测点按东、西、南、北、中5个方位各抽取1个乡(镇)的1个行政村,每村调查3周岁以上常住居民至少200人;采用改良加藤厚涂片法检查土源性线虫虫卵、透明胶纸法检查3~9岁儿童蛲虫卵、试管滤纸培养法鉴别钩虫。结果粪检4000人,检出土源性线虫感染23例、感染率0.58%,以蛔虫感染为主,蛔虫、蛲虫、钩虫感染率差异有统计学意义(χ^2=41.582,P<0.05);肛拭子透明胶带法检查3~9岁儿童1250人,蛲虫感染率为1.44%,感染集中在6岁~组儿童,各年龄组差异无统计学意义(χ^2=4.574,P>0.05);永兴县感染率最高(1.10%),不同地区人群差异有统计学意义(χ^2=8.877,P<0.05);感染呈现出60岁以上组(0.73%)、托幼儿童(0.78%)、大专及以上(2.44%)人群感染率较高的特征,不同年龄(χ^2=0.309)、职业(χ^2=0.275)和文化程度(χ^2=6.100)人群感染率差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论郴州市人群土源性线虫感染率处于低流行水平,但感染因素依然存在,仍需加强监测和健康教育。

Objective To investigate and analyze the present situation of soil-transmitted nematode infection in people in Chenzhou city of Hunan province,and provide scientific basis for the prevention and control of soil-transmitted nematode disease.Methods The surveillance was carried out in 4 counties of Chenzhou city in 2019.One administrative village in a township(town)was selected from each monitoring point in the five directions of west,east,north,south and middle,and at least 200 permanent residents aged 3 years and elder were investigated in the village.The Kato-Katz technique was taken for detecting the eggs of soil-transmitted nematode,the cellophane tape method was conducted for detecting the eggs of pinworm in children aged 3-9 years,and the filter paper strip culture method was taken for identifying the hookworm.Results The feces of 4000 persons were examined,with 23 cases infected with the soil-transmitted nematode,and the infection rate of0.58%.The Ascaris lumbricoide infection was the dominant,and there was statistical difference(χ^2=41.582,P<0.05)in the infection rates among Ascaris lumbricoides,Enterobius vermicularis and hookworm.Totally 1250 children aged 3-9 years were examined by anal swab and transparent tape,with the enterobiasis infection rate of 1.44%.The enterobiasis infection concentrated in children aged 6 years-,and the infection rates had no statistical difference(χ^2=4.574,P>0.05)in all age groups.The infection rate was the highest in Yongxing county(1.10%),and there was statistical difference(χ^2=8.877,P<0.05)among different areas.The population showed the characteristics of high infection rate in the people over 60 years(0.73%),children in kindergarten(0.78%),and the person with the education background of junior college and above(2.44%).There was no statistical difference(P>0.05)in the infection rates among different ages(χ^2=0.309),occupations(χ^2=0.275)and educational background(χ^2=6.100).Conclusions The infection rate of soil-transmitted nematodes is at low level in Chenzhou city,but the infection factors still exist.The monitoring and health education should be strengthened.