亚麻籽对鸡蛋中脂肪酸富集及蛋品质的影响

Effect of Dietary Flaxseed Addition on Egg Fatty Acid Composition and Egg Quality in Laying Hens

本试验旨在探讨日粮中亚麻籽添加水平和添加时间对蛋中n-3多不饱和脂肪酸的富集以及蛋品质的影响。选取46周龄京粉1号蛋鸡1 344只,随机分为4个组,每组6个重复,每个重复56只。4个处理组日粮中亚麻籽的添加水平分别为0%(对照组)、5%、10%、15%。试验期60 d。试验第10、20、30、45、60天测定蛋中α-亚麻酸、二十碳五烯酸(EPA)、二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)等n-3多不饱和脂肪酸(n-3PUFA)含量。第30、60天测定蛋壳强度、蛋黄色度和哈氏单位。结果表明:亚麻籽的添加水平、时间以及二者互作均对蛋中n-3PUFA的富集产生显著影响,蛋中n-3PUFA含量随着亚麻籽添加水平和添加时间增加呈上升趋势,随后达到稳定;5%亚麻籽组中鸡蛋DHA含量最高,其他脂肪酸含量以15%亚麻籽组最高;蛋中EPA含量在20 d达到最高,其他脂肪酸在30 d达到最高;蛋黄色度随着日粮中亚麻籽添加水平升高而显著降低,其他蛋品质指标无显著变化。由此表明,给蛋鸡饲喂含15%亚麻籽日粮30 d以上,可获得理想n-3PUFA富集鸡蛋,但要保证日粮色素水平稳定。

This study was conducted to evaluate effect of level and duration of dietary flaxseed addition on egg fatty acid composition and egg quality in laying hens.A total of one thousand three hundred and forty four 46-week-old layers were randomly divided into 4 treatments with six replicates.In treatment 1,23,and 4,birds were fed with diets contained 0%,5%,10%and 15%flaxseed.Contents of n-3 poly unsaturated fatty acid(n-3 PUFA)such asα-linolenic acid,eicosapentaenoic acid(EPA)and docosahexaenoic acid(DHA)in eggs were measured on d 10,20,30,45 and d 60.Eggshell strength,yolk color and Haugh unit were determined on d 30 and d 60.The results showed that content of fatty acids in egg were significant affected by level,duration and their interaction of dietary flaxseed addition(P<0.05).Contents of n-3 PUFA in egg were significant increased as the level and duration of dietary flaxseed addition increasing(P<0.05)and then remained unchanged.Content of EPA in egg was observed the highest from hens fed with diet containing 5%flaxseed.Other fatty acids were observed the highest from hens fed with diet containing 15%flaxseed diet.Content of EPA in egg was the highest on d 20,and other fatty acids were highest on d 30.The yolk color of egg was significantly decreased as the dietary flaxseed addition decreasing(P<0.05),and other egg quality parameters were not significantly different.It is suggested that the optical enriched eggs with n-3 PUFA can be obtained by layers fed with 15%flaxseed diet for more than 30 days.The stable level of dietary pigment also should be considered.