西藏人口发展与家庭户的变迁

The Population Development and the Changes of Family Households in Tibet

本文根据历次人口普查数据和其他统计调查数据,分析了当代西藏人口变迁背景下的家庭户变动过程、特征与趋势。研究表明:当代西藏家庭户受到现代化发展和传统文化习俗的双重影响,显示出了较强的传统延续性与时代特征。家庭户的规模一直维持在较低水平,核心家庭户一直是主要的家庭形态。改革开放以后,家庭户数量持续增长,家庭户规模不断下降。单身户快速增长,其年龄结构趋于高度年轻化,老年人口的不断增加使得有老人的家庭户在家庭户中的比例不断上升,家庭老龄化问题也随之将至,2000年开始实现了核心化水平的历史性转变,但仍属于低度核心化水平,直系家庭占比持续小幅下降。家庭户小型化的变动趋势对社会服务需求提出了新的要求和挑战。

Based on the data from the previous censuses,statistical yearbook and other surveys,this paper analyzes the process,characteristics and trends of household changes in the context of contemporary population changes in Tibet.The research shows that:contemporary Tibetan households are influenced by both the modernization and its traditional culture and customs,thus showing strong characteristics of the times and their continuity.The size of family households has maintained at a low level,and nuclear family households have always been the dominant family form.After the reform and opening up,the number of households continues to grow;the average size of families per household has been decreasing.There is also a rapid growth in single-person households whose ages tend to be highly young.The increasing percentage of the elderly makes the proportion of households with elders rising and the problem of family aging imminent.Since 2000,nuclear family households has achieved a historical high though still at a low level;the proportion of immediate families has continued to decline on a small scale.The trend of miniaturization of households puts forward new requirements and challenges to the social service.