历史文化视域下的“非遗”发展新思考——以甘宁青地区毛皮商人为视角

New thoughts on the Development of Intangible Cultural Heritage from the Perspective of History and Culture——from the Perspective of Fur Merchants in GanNingQing Area

探析我国的经济、社会和文化发展会发现,商人群体的重要性是掩盖不了的。我国甘宁青地区历史上就有地方特色的商业内容和商人群体,即毛皮贸易和回商。毛皮贸易的发展壮大离不开皮匠鞣制技艺的完善精进和皮商的运输传播。毛皮鞣制技艺是当下的非物质文化遗产,其毛皮文化对当地民间审美、生计方式、人际网络等方面都起到潜移默化的作用。而回族商人为甘宁青地区毛皮鞣制技术的传承提供了可能性。毛皮鞣制技艺与毛皮贸易在发展中相互促进,且在区域社会文化中构建起强大的聚合力,影响着甘宁青社会。

To analyze the social and cultural development of our country,the importance of merchant group perspective cannot be concealed.Merchants communicate with different geographical areas and different groups by selling a certain product through sales,transportation,leasing,intermediary and other ways,and also adjust the cultural differences invisibly.Since ancient times,there have been commercial contents and merchant groups with local characteristics in Gansu,Ningxia and Qinghai regions,namely fur trade and back trade.The development and growth of fur trade can not be separated from the improvement and improvement of tannage technology of leather makers and the transportation and communication of leather merchants.As the intangible cultural heritage with local characteristics and national color,fur tanning technology has gradually formed in the process of history.Therefore,fur culture has a subtle effect on local folk aesthetics,livelihood,interpersonal network and other aspects.Hui merchants have been active in GanNingQing area for a long time.With their tradition of being good at business and willing to do business,they have rapidly risen as a commercial group with both scale and national characteristics in the process of fur flow in GanNingQing area,which provides the possibility for the inheritance of fur tanning technology.Fur tanning technology and fur trade promote each other in the development,and build a strong cohesion in regional social culture.Relying on fur as a material link,it affects the Gansu Ningxia Qinghai Society.