基于箍缩装置的高能量密度物理实验研究进展

Progress on high energy density physics experiments with pinch devices

基于脉冲功率技术的箍缩装置能够在cm空间尺度和百ns时间尺度产生极端的高温、高压、高密度以及强辐射环境。中物院流体物理研究所在已建成的10 MA级的大型箍缩装置上开展多种负载构型的高能量密度物理实验研究。利用Z箍缩动态黑腔创造出了惯性约束聚变研究所需的高温辐射场;研究了金属箔套筒和固体套筒的内爆动力学特性;利用中低Z材料内爆获得了可观的K壳层线辐射并用于X射线热-力学效应实验研究;磁驱动准等熵加载和冲击加载为材料动态特性研究提供了新的实验能力;采用环形二极管和反射三极管技术的轫致辐射源获得了高剂量(率)的X射线和γ射线;利用磁驱动的径向金属箔模拟了天体物理中恒星射流的形成及其辐射的产生。此外,还介绍了利用反场构型磁化靶聚变装置开展的预加热磁化等离子体靶形成等实验结果。

The pinch devices based on pulsed power technique can produce extreme conditions of temperature,pressure,density and strong radiation in spatial scale of cm and time scale of 100 ns.Numerous high energy density physics experiments are carried out on the 10 MA level pulsed power facility constructed at Institute of Fluid Physics,CAEP,which utilize a wide range of load configurations.Z-pinch driven dynamic hohlraums produce high temperature radiation field required for conducting inertial confinement fusion(ICF)experiments.Characteristics of implosion dynamics of metallic foils and solid liners are investigated and presented.Implosions using medium and low Z materials produce considerable K-shell line emissions,which are used to perform X-ray thermo-mechanical effect experiments.Magnetically driven isentropic compression and shock loading provide new experimental capabilities for research on dynamic materials properties.Ring diodes and reflex triodes are adopted to produce large X-ray or gamma-ray dose(rate)from bremsstrahlung.Magnetically driven radial metallic foils are used to simulate the formation of stellar jets and its radiation relevant to astrophysics.Additionally,experimental results of formation of preheated magnetized plasma target on a field reverse configuration(FRC)magnetized target fusion device are presented.