共振直驱式浮力摆波能发电装置动力学研究

Numerical Study on the Fluid-Structure Interaction of Wave Energy Power Direct Driven by Bottom-Hinged Flap

为提升浮力摆式波能转换装置的效率,基于摇杆—滑块—弹簧模型设计了一种由浮力摆直接驱动电磁式直线发电的波能转换装置,其中直线发电模块一端处连接有弹簧,与浮力摆形成复合振动。建立了波能转换装置的物理模型,基于频域势流理论推导浮力摆所受到的波浪激振力矩、附加惯性力矩,分析波能装置中浮力摆及位于滑块位置处的直线发电机构的运动学特征。基于ADINA实现浮力摆与给定参数下的波浪域流固耦合数值模拟,计算浮力摆与波浪的流固耦合界面力。为进一步分析直线发电模块所连接弹簧对波能装置发电效率的影响,分别设置为无弹簧、弹簧刚度系数为100 N/m和弹簧刚度系数为800 N/m三种不同的连接弹簧参数,分析弹簧参数对直线发电模块运动学响应的影响。研究结果表明:施加弹簧可有效提升浮力摆波能转换效率;当所施加弹簧刚度系数与直线发电模块所形成的结构固有频率接近波浪激振频率时,系统形成共振,运动学响应最大,可实现浮力摆式波能转换装置的优化设计及改进。

In order to improve the efficiency of the wave-energy generation device of the bottom-hinged flap, a wave-energy generation device is designed based on the rocker-slider-spring model, in which the electromagnetic linear power generation is directly driven by the bottom-hinged flap. One end of the linear power generation module is connected to a spring, which forms a compound vibration with the bottom-hinged flap. By establishing the physical model of the wave-energy generation device, the wave excitation moment, additional inertia moment and radiation damping of the bottom-hinged flap are obtained based on the potential flow theory in frequency domain, and the kinematic characteristics of the bottom-hinged flap and the linear power generation module in the wave-energy device are analyzed. The kinematical and dynamic numerical simulation of wave-energy device is carried out by using the ADINA fluid-structure interaction analysis module. The regular wave parameters under specific sea conditions are set to calculate the fluid-structure interaction interface force between bottom-hinged flap and wave. In order to further analyze the influence of the spring connected to the linear power generation module on the power generation efficiency of the wave-energy device, three different connecting spring parameters are set respectively, with no spring set, with the spring stiffness coefficient of 100 N/m and with the spring stiffness coefficient of 800 N/m, and the influence of the spring parameters on the kinematic response of the linear power generation module is also analyzed. The results show that the application of spring can effectively improve the conversion efficiency of the wave-energy of the bottom-hinged flap;when the stiffness coefficient of the applied spring and the natural frequency of the structure formed by the linear power generation module are close to the wave motion frequency, the system resonance is formed. Meanwhile, the kinematic response is optimal. It is proved that the optimal design and improvement of the wave-energy generation device of the bottom-hinged flap can be realized.